| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Pearl Harbor | American naval base bombed by Japanese, we lost 8 battleships, 3 cruisers, 4 small ships, 188 planes, 3,500 men |
| Battle of Okinova | Japanese unveiled kamikaze, americans to reconsider strategy |
| Battle at Midway | Important battle, US claimed air superiority due to Jap air carriers destroyed, midway for refueling |
| Battle of Coral Sea | US saved Australia from Jap invasion |
| Douglas MacArthur/Chester Nimitz | Commanders that led different groups to invade Japan |
| Cordell Hull | proposed a rider-graduated income tax to solve gov. probems |
| Operation Sea Lion | German plan to invade Britian and wipe out Royal Air Force, commanded by Goering |
| Merchants of Death/One Hell of a Business | said we went to war for profit and agreed with millius |
| Neutrality Acts | prohibited American business, citizens, and govt from aiding any nation at war |
| Panay | Warship that Roosevelt sent over to Japan for observation, US was neutral but they attacked ship 3 times |
| Billy Mitchell | advocate for US air power, convinced Roosevelt in making B-29 |
| Dorothy Thompson | Had been in Germany when Hitler took over, tried to warn us |
| Howard Mumford Jones | Lit professor that thought Hitler posed a serious threat to free speech, burned books, etc |
| Joseph Kennedy | naive American ambassador to Great Britian, knew alot about Hitler but said great things about him |
| Non-Aggression Pact | Signed between Soviet Union and Germany saying they would not go to war with each other, made war more dangerous |
| Munich Conference | France, GB, and Germany were represented, Hitler says he will take the Sudetenland |
| Gerald Nye | took the idea that we entered the war for profit, congress later inquired |
| Luftwaffe | German air force commanded by Herman Goering |
| Blitzkrieg | means lightening war, invaded Poland |
| Frances Townsend | Radical ideas, thought Gov't should give elders $200 a month and they must spend it and not save it |
| Charles Coughlin | Catholic radio priest, criticized Roosevelt and sent money to Hitler, received most fan mail, Christian Front |
| Share Our Wealth | Proposed by Huey Long that gov't should provide every American family a house, car, and $2500 a year |
| Benito Mussolini | Leader of Fascisti party in Italy, promises alot and gets it done at high prices |
| Fascism | extreme right, dictatorship in Italy, embraces capitalism |
| Adolph Hitler | Began the National Socialism Party, believed in Aryan superiority, wrote Mein Kamf in prison, broke Treaty of Versailles, had extreme charisma & hypochondriac |
| Theodore Morrell | Dr. who treated Hitler and took advantage of him by prescribing him bull testosterone injections |
| Rhineland | Hitler took over this area because the people spoke German |
| Sudetenland | area of Czech that only a minority spoke German but Hitler wanted this area |
| Mein Kamf | written by Hitler in 1923 while he was in prison |
| Joseph Stalin | leader of the Soviet Union, not invited to Munich |
| Walter Millius | wrote The Road to War: America 1914-1917, said we entered war for profit |
| National Socialism (Nazi) | Idea of Hitler to promote uniting the working class of a specific ethnic, national, or racial group |
| Kamikaze | means "divine win" suicide missions, piloted bombs unveiled at Battle of Okinawa |
| Appeasement | Policy they tried with Hitler to use rational negotiation rather than armed conflict |
| Ludlow amendment | proposed by Lewis Ludlow, required public vote before we could enter war |
| Operation Barbarosa | German invasion of Soviet Union |
| Lend Lease | lent soldiers to France, allowed us to sent military to fight Germany under non-aggression pact before we entered the war |
| Tripartite Pact | alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan that becomes world conflict |
| John Foster Dulles | Secretary of State, comes up with massive retaliation, limited our response |
| Richard Nixon | rumored secret monetary supply, uses tv and cockerspaniel to prove innocence |
| Dwight Eisenhower | Rep nominee, promise to balance budget and go to Korea and stop war |
| H.U.A.C | House under american activities committee by Martin Dies, went to Hollywood to expose elements that were against God, country and children |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | N.Korea declared independence |
| Republic of Korea | South Korea declared freedom and independence |
| 38th Parallel | where Korea was divided before and after the Korean War |
| Point Four | created to stop the spread of communism, latin amer, central amer, & africa-$400 million |
| Formosa | Island that Kai Shek and his followers were forced on by Tse-Tung, communism spreads |
| Nagasaki | 2nd atomic bomb dropped, more industrialized city, fewer casualties |
| Hiroshima | ancient Japanese city, 8:16 am Enola Gay dropped 1st ever atomic bomb, 78,00 ppl died |
| Chiang Kai-Shek | Chinese nationalist leader that US supported until 1949 realized corrupt |
| Mao-Tse-Tung | Communist group supported by Soviet Union |
| Cold War | State of conflict between US and Russia, 2 superpowers after WW2 |
| Truman Doctrine | 1st cold war policy that says we will resist communism where interest is threatened, created to help Greece & Turkey resist comm |
| Marshall Plan | 2nd cold war policy proposed by George Marshall, intended to help western Europe rebuild |
| Albert Einstein | physicists believe atomic bomb was his theory |
| Manhattan Project | $2 million project that used radioactive materials to build an atomic bomb |
| Robert Oppenhiemer/Gen Lesley Groves | Opp-Scientific and Groves-Military part of Manhattan project |
| Trinity Test Site (White Sands) | 1st testing site of atomic bomb, remote area of New Mexico |
| Tinian | point of departure, island in pacific,men did not know why they were there-to deliver atomic bomb |
| Paul Tibbets | pilot of the Enola Gay B29 that delivered the atomic bomb @ Hiroshima |
| D-Day | Invasion that lands troops @ 5 diff points along Normandy, commanded by Dwight Eisenhower, liberated France |
| Prefabrication | construction of ships at site, builds them in only a few days |
| Henry Kaiser | shared belief that "nothing was impossible" with FDR, built boulder dam and came up with prefabrication |
| James Byrnes | appointed "assistant president" to FDR under War Powers Act |
| Burke Wadsworth Bill | 1st peace-time draft (1940) all men 18-35 req. to register |
| War Powers Act | gave FDR power to do what was necessary, created War Powers Board so Congress must approve war |
| 1,000 plane raid | Berlin was vulnerable, air campaign of 1000 bombers |
| 17th parallel | vietnam divided with US supporting south and communist north |
| Dresden | important industrial center that produced goods for German war effort, used firebombs, 110000 die |
| Vsonian | Idea to design homes for all americans |
| Hideki Tojo | Japanese military dictatorship ruler, said war with US was enevitable |
| Joseph McCarthy | American war hero that claimed US army was full of communists |
| Ethel & Julius Rosenberg | Executed for working on Manhattan Project and selling ideas to other countries |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | allowed Pres Johnson a free hand in dealing with crisis in Vietnam and US becomes military involved |
| Service Mans Readjustment Act | "Gi" act designed to help WW2 vets enter society normally, country owes them for service |
| GI | Goverment Issue |
| Hirohito | Japanese emperor that addresses Japan for 1st time after atomic bombings |
| Cuban Missle Crisis | During Cold war, when cuban began building missles almost became a nuclear war |
| Ho Chi Minh | led an Independence movement following the end of WW2 in N. Vietnam around city of Hanoi |
| Maxwell Taylor | Sent to Saigon to make recommendations to Kennedy, suggests increasing aid to Saigon |
| George Ball | disagrees with Taylor, predicts that the US will soon be involved with Vietnam military |
| Bao Dai | a vietnamese Catholic who lived in Paris and led French puppet Govt in southern city of Saigon |
| Bay of Pigs | unsuccessful attempt of US to invade Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro |
| Yalu River | Where MaCarthur drives communists back to the river that borders China, China wants them to pull back to 38th parallel |
| Viet Cong | opposition to Diems Rule in the south, southern Siagon govt opposition |
| Dvong Van Minh | overthrows Diam-he was corrupt and unpopular |
| John F. Kennedy | Pres in 1960, delt with Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missle Crisis, shot by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, Oswald killed by Jack Ruby |
| Ngo Dinh Diem | a tyrant who controlled the south by force, america's puppet leader in Saigon |
| Attacked by HUAC, not hired by Hwood | Will Gear, Lucille Ball, Pete Seger, Lillian Hellman |
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