5 Written Questions

1. author of the Decameron, which was aimed to impart wisdom of human character. It contained 100 often bawdy tales told by three men and seven women in a country retreat from the plague is stinging social commentary and sympathetic view on human behavior. He also assembled an encyclopedia of Greek and Roman mythology. He was a student of Petrarch.
2. a government backed by organization that ran farming industry. An example of developing centralized economic planning
3. developed Printing Press and printed the Bible...books became cheaper, easier to produce and more available.. Humanist ideas spread easily and rapidly throughout Europe because of his printing press
4. priviledge given by Spain to Spanish settlers in the Americas which allowed to control the lands and people of a certain territory
5. the nobles and merchants (who ruled the city), emerging newly rich merchant class (capitalists and bankers who challenged the nobles), middle burghers (shop owners who started to support the emerging middle class over the nobles), and the lower economic class that had little or no wealth at all.

5 Matching Questions

1. Ghibelline
2. Guicciardini
3. major Italian city-states
4. Donation of Constantine
5. Machiavelli

1. a Renaissance writer; formerly a politician, wrote The Prince, a work on ethics and government, describing how rulers maintain power by methods that ignore right or wrong; accepted the philosophy that "the end justifies the means." "it was better to be feared than to be loved"
2. b he was a humanist historian that adopted the vernacular and made contemporary history their primary source and subject matter
3. c This was a fraudulent Roman imperial edict which was supposedly written by Constantine the Great. In this edict, the Pope was given the power of civil authority. Later on during the Renaissance period, this edict was proven to be fabricated
4. d proimperial (for the HRE) during the time that the HRE and the pope were arguing over power.
5. e -The Duchy of Milan -The Papal States
   -The Republics of Florence - The kingdom of Naples
   -The Republics of Venice
   They gained independence when Italy was unsure about who was their leader. (the pope or the HRE)

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route. (p. 428)
   1. Cesare Borgia
   2. Machiavelli
   3. despotisms
   4. Vasco da Gama
2. a biblical authority; a leader of the French humanism. His scholarly works exemplified the new critical scholarship and influenced Martin Luther.
   1. Mesta
   2. gabelle
   3. Lefevre
   4. Guelf
3. the Italian born daughter of the physician and astrologer of the French king Charles V, she received as fine an education at the French court as anyone could have. She became expert in classical, French, and Italian languages and literature. She was married at 15 and widowed at 27 she turned to writing lyric poetry to support herself. She became well-known for her letter which were much read throughout the courts of Europe. Her famous work The Treasure of the City of ladies is a chronicle of the accomplishments of the great women of history.
   1. Titian
   2. Christine de Pisan
   3. Richard III
   4. Castiglione
4. he was a famous painter, created many "Madonna and Child" paintings. He also did the School of Athens a perfect example of humanism because it had the Greco-Roman architecture, Plato and Aristotle are in the center of the painting, and the sculptors are painted in contrapposto stance.
   1. Raphael
   2. Mesta
   3. alcabala
   4. Erasmus
5. Stated that the seven main princes of the Holy Roman Empire elected the emperor, and all princes had autonomy. It was issued by Charles IV in 1356 and stated the procedure for choosing and emperor of the Holy Roman Empire: the emperor had to be elected by the Seven Princes and approved by the Pope.
   1. alcabala
   2. podesta
   3. Golden Bull
   4. Guelf

5 True/False Questions

1. Agricola → a 10% sales tax on commercial transactions in Spain. This is an example of one of the ways monarchs could raise money by levying taxes on basic food and clothing

   True        False

2. Pope Julius II → The "Warrior-Pope"; most involved in war and politics; personally led armies against enemies; instituted reconstruction on St. Peter's Basilica.

   True        False

3. Henry VII → He was known to be the father of humanism. He spent most of his life in Avignon. He was considered to be the first modern writer, his writings were no longer subordinate to religion. He wrote many love sonnets. He claimed that the Middle Ages were the dark ages. He wrote in Italian. He taught the motto "its is better to will the good then to know the truth". He believed learning ennobled people.

   True        False

4. Petrarch → Greatest Renaissance painter in Venice, used vivid color and movement, which was the opposite of the subtle colors and static figures in Florentine paintings. Venetian school and Venus of Urbino

   True        False

5. civic humanism → Education that should promote individual virtue and public service. Humanist leadership of the political culture of life

   True        False