Earth Materials
About this set
Created by:
alimellish on January 15, 2012
Description:
Materials include rocks soil water and gases. Rock is composed of minerals. Earth materials change over time from one form to another. Erosion is the Movement of materials and weathering is the breakage of bed rock and larger rocks into smaller rocks and soil material. Soil is continually being form (see more)
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Describe the differences between minerals and rocks. | Rocks are natural combinations of one or more minerals. Minerals are naturally occurring nonliving solids that have a definite chemical composition and an ordered atomic structure. |
| Quartz - Observe rocks using a magnifying glass and draw shapes and colors of minerals. |  Quartz is white and crystal like. |
| Turquoise - Observe rocks using a magnifying glass and draw shapes and colors of minerals. |  Turquoise mineral is bright blue |
| Pink Granite - Observe rocks using a magnifying glass and draw shapes and colors of minerals. |  White Quartz and black mica crystals surrounded by pink clay in this pink granite rock |
| Classify common rocks found in Utah as sedimentary igneous and metamorphic. | Sedimentary= Sandstone, Conglomerate, Shale. Metamorphic= Marble, gneiss, schist. Igneous= Basalt, Graite, obsidian, pumice. |
| Identify the processes of physical weathering that breaks down rocks at Earth's surface. | Mechanical weathering: Rock expands and contracts as the temperatures changes causing it to break up. Frost shattering may also be caused when water in the rock freezes and expands. Chemical weathering: only a few minerals can resist weathering by acidic rainwater. Minerals dissolved at the surface may be carried downward and redeposited into the soil and the rock below. |
| Distinguish between weathering and erosion. | When rocks break down without movement this is called weathering. Weathering can be chemical or mechanical. When rocks breakdown as they are moved by the action of water ice or the wind this is called erosion. |
| Model erosion of Earth's materials and collection of these materials as part of the process that leads to soil. |  |
| Investigate layers of soil in the local area and predict the sources of the sand and rocks in the soil. | the mountains from the wasatch front eroded to deposited sediments in Utah valley. |
| Observed the list of components of soil. | Mineral, rocks, air, water, living and dead organisms. |
| Distinguish between the living, nonliving and once living components of soil. | Living are growing like Plants,and Fungus. Non living is like organic matter called Humus. Once living are like fossils. |
| Diagram or model a soil profile topsoil subsoil and bed rock and how the layers differ in composition. |  Humus - Rich in living and nonliving organic material Topsoil - Rich in humus and Minerals Subsoil - Poor in humus and rich in minerals Weathered Rock - little or no plant or animal life Bedrock - unweathered rock |
| Relate to components of soil to the growth of plants in the soil. | Mineral, nutrients, and water. |
| Explain how plants may help control the erosion of soil. | Roots help soak up the water and prevents it from washing away. Plants help the top soil from blowing away when its very windy. |
| Research and investigate ways to provide mineral nutrients for plants to grow with out soil. | Water Culture, plants are grown with roots submerged in a nutrient solution. plants may be grown with their roots in the mineral nutrient solution only or other material, such as perlite, gravel, mineral wool, or coconut husk. |
| Types of Rocks-Igneous |  These rock are formed when lava cools and solidifies. (e.g. obsidian) |
| Types of Rocks-Sedimentary |  These rock are formed when sediments are deposited in layers that become buried and compacted.(e.g. sandstone) |
| Types of Rocks-Metamorphic |  These rock are formed when Igneous or Sedimentary are altered by heat and/or pressure.(e.g. picasso marble from utah) |
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