People (Ch1)
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Created by:
hannahbanana214 on January 16, 2012
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rene Descartes | french philosopher, the mind and the brain are separate entities, not connected |
| Wilhelm Wundt | German physiologist, wrote a book about the connections between psychology, and physiology and how psychology should be established as a separate discipline |
| Edward B. Titchner | one of Wundt's students, established structuralism |
| structuralism | even our most complex conscious experiences can be broken down in elemental structures |
| introspection | viewing an object, then reconstructing the feelings that resulted from seeing the stimulus |
| William James | harvard professeur, developed functionalism |
| Functionalism | behavior functions to allow people and animals to adapt to their environment |
| G. Stanley Hall | received the first Ph. D. in psychology awarded in America, founded the first psychology research laboratory in America |
| Mary Whiton Calkins | studied with James at Harvard, studied to get a Ph.D. but was denied because she was a women, first women president of the APA |
| behaviorism | rejected the emphasis on consciousness, study of observable behavior that can be objectively measured and verified |
| Ivan Pavlov | studied dogs, how they can learn to associate a neural stimulus with an automatic behavior |
| John Watson | wrote a book about behaviorism, focused on the aspect of learning in relation to environmental conditions |
| B.F. Skinner | a famous american psychologist, studied behaviorism |
| Sigmund Freud | came up with the theory of psychoanalysis, that unconscious conflicts are important to determining behavior and personality |
| Max Wertheimer | founded the school of Gestalt psychology, a german psychologist |
| Gestalt psychology | emphasized the perception of whole figures rather than individual elements of conscious experience stressed by the structuralists, helped further studies of perception and problem solving, importance of mental activities in organizing sensations into meaningful perception |
| Humanistic psychology | "third force" in American psychology, emphasizes each person's unique potential for psychological growth and self-direction (free will) |
| Carl Rogers | founded Humanistic psychology, emphasized the conscious experiences of his patients, |
| Abraham Maslow | a humanistic psychologist, developed a theory of motivation that emphasized physical growth |
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