| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Basalt (7) | TEXTURE: aphanitic ORIGIN: volcanic to shallow instrusive MINERALS: pyroxene, Ca-rich plagioclase feldspar, amphibole, olivine TYPE: igneous |
| Porphyritic Basalt (11) | TEXTURE: porphyritic ORIGIN: shallow intrusive MINERALS: pyroxene, Ca-rich plagioclase feldspar, amphibole, olivine TYPE: igneous |
| Andesite (4) | TEXTURE: light gray to dark ORIGIN: unknown? MINERALS: plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, quartz TYPE: igneous |
| Pumice (9) | TEXTURE: glassy to aphanitic ORIGIN: volcanic (frothy lava quickly quenched) MINERALS: unknown? TYPE: igneous |
| Gabbro (3) | TEXTURE: phaneritic ORIGIN: intrusive MINERALS: pyroxene, Ca-rich plagioclase feldspar, amphibole, olivine TYPE: igneous |
| Vesicular Basalt (12) | TEXTURE: aphanitic ORIGIN: volcanic (extrusive) MINERALS: pyroxene, Ca-rich plagioclase feldspar, amphibole, olivine TYPE: igneous |
| Granite (1) | TEXTURE: phaneritic ORIGIN: intrusive MINERALS: K-feldspar, quartz, Na-rich plagioclase feldspar, hornblende TYPE: igneous |
| Peridotite (6) | TEXTURE: phaneritic ORIGIN: mantle MINERALS: olivine, pyroxene TYPE: igneous |
| Diorite (2) | TEXTURE: phaneritic ORIGIN: intrusive MINERALS: plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, quartz TYPE: igneous |
| Obsidian (8) | TEXTURE: glassy ORIGIN: volcanic (extrusive) MINERALS: none TYPE: igneous |
| Rhyolite (10,5) | TEXTURE: aphanitic to porphyritic ORIGIN: volcanic (extrusive) MINERALS: quartz, K-feldspar, Na-rich plagioclase feldspar, biotite, hornblende TYPE: igneous |
| Schist (15,16) | TEXTURE: schistose ORIGIN: shale MINERALS: micas, garnet, quartz TYPE: metamorphic |
| Gneiss (18) | TEXTURE: compositional banding ORIGIN: granite, shale, arkose, others MINERALS: K-feldspar, quartz, amphibole TYPE: metamorphic |
| Phyllite/Metasiltstone (17) | TEXTURE: sheen, foliation ORIGIN: shale, siltstone MINERALS: micas, quartz, garnet TYPE: metamorphic |
| Slate (14,13) | TEXTURE: slatey cleavage ORIGIN: shale MINERALS: clays, quartz, micas TYPE: metamorphic |
| Quartzite (22) | TEXTURE: none ORIGIN: quartz sandstone MINERALS: quartz TYPE: metamorphic |
| Marble (23) | TEXTURE: none ORIGIN: limestone or dolostone MINERALS: calcite TYPE: metamorphic |
| Greenschist (19) | TEXTURE: fine-grained, foliated ORIGIN: basalt, gabbro MINERALS: chlorite, actinolite, plagioclase, epidote TYPE: metamorphic |
| Amphibolite (20) | TEXTURE: banded ORIGIN: basalt, gabbro MINERALS: amphiboles, feldspar TYPE: metamorphic |
| Metaconglomerate (21) | TEXTURE: random, ORIGIN: distorted bands MINERALS: random lithic clasts TYPE: metamorphic |
| Anthracite (24) | TEXTURE: none ORIGIN: peat, coal MINERALS: none TYPE: metamorphic |
| Arkosic sandstone (3) | TEXTURE: sand/well-sorted/sub-rounded ORIGIN: alluvial fan, river MINERALS: K-feldspar, quartz, iron oxides TYPE: sedimentary |
| Fossiliferous limestone (11) | TEXTURE: fossils ORIGIN: shallow marine MINERALS: calcium carbonate TYPE: sedimentary |
| Bituminous coal (12) | TEXTURE: shiny black ORIGIN: swamp MINERALS: hydrocarbons TYPE: sedimentary |
| Conglomerate (1) | TEXTURE: random stuff ORIGIN: alluvial fan, river, glacial till MINERALS: quartz, random stuff TYPE: sedimentary |
| Shale (9) | TEXTURE: clay/mud/well-sorted ORIGIN: lake, delta, deep marine MINERALS: clay, quartz, iron oxides TYPE: sedimentary |
| Siltstone (7) | TEXTURE: silt/medium sorting ORIGIN: river, shallow marine MINERALS: quartz, clay TYPE: sedimentary |
| Chert (10) | TEXTURE: smooth ORIGIN: deep marine, chemical precipitation in other rocks MINERALS: quartz TYPE: sedimentary |
| Limestone (8) | TEXTURE: smooth ORIGIN: shallow marine MINERALS: calcium carbonate TYPE: sedimentary |
| Quartz sandstone (2,4) | TEXTURE: sand/well-sorted/rounded ORIGIN: river, sand dune, beach, shallow marine MINERALS: quartz TYPE: sedimentary |
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