Latin Mythology Midterm
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79 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Aeetes | Father of Medea, Guardian of the Fleece, King of Colchis |
| Iolcus | Aeson was former king, but then Peleas took over. Jason was supposed to be heir to the throne of Iolcus, but Acastus ended up ruling instead |
| Pelias | Jason's uncle and Aeson's brother. Took over Iolcus from Aeson and became king |
| Aeson | Jason's father. His brother, Pelias took over and was former ruler of Iolcus |
| Polymele | Mother of Jason. Wife of Aeson as well as Peleas |
| Chiron | He is a centaur, half-horse/half-man. He raised and taught Jason when he was younger so he is very wise |
| Phineus | Blind prophet who help Jason in finding the way to the golden fleece. Tourtured by Harpys who foul his food and so Zetes and Calais help to get him food |
| Symplegades | Clashing rocks that had a curse that was broken when the dove flew through, so that they would not squeeze Jason's boat |
| Lemnian Women | Live on the island of Lemnos and killed their husbands so they were cursed and now smell bad |
| Colchis | Aeetes was king and it hosted the Golden Fleece |
| Harpys | Half-bird/half-woman who tortured Phineus and fouled his food |
| Orpheus | Famous musician who charmed animals and was an Argonaut. His lover Eurydice died and he could not retrieve her from the underworld |
| Atalanta | Faster than any man and she was an Argonaut. She was involved in the famous boar hunt |
| Argo | Jason's ship built by Argus |
| Argonaut | The crew on Jason's ship consisting of people such as Orpheus, Atalanta, and Hercules |
| Argus | The builder of Jason's ship whom the ship was named after |
| Acastus | Jason's half-brother, Peleas' and Polymele's son who accompanies the Argonauts |
| Hera | 1. The goddess who helped Jason on his journey and disguised herself as an old woman whom Jason helps cross the river 2. She was one of the goddesses who wanted the golden apple that Eris threw. She promised Paris power |
| Hercules | He was an Argonaut but he never reached Colchis because he stayed at an island to look for his friend, Hylas, who had gone missing but he never found him |
| Hypsipyle | Queen of Lemnos who had two sons with Jason |
| Acrisius | King of Argos and father of Danae |
| Danae | Daughter of Acrisius and mother of Perseus who was kept locked away so she would not have a son who would kill Acrisius |
| Zeus | 1. Appeared to Danae in a shower of gold and gave her a son, Perseus 2. He was attracted to Thetis but could not have kids with her so he married Thetis to Peleus |
| Seriphos | The island where Danae and Perseus landed and Polydectes was king |
| Dictys | A fisherman who takes care of Danae and Perseus and he becomes king of Seriphos after Polydectes |
| Polydectes | King of Seriphos who wanted to marry Danae so he sent Perseus on a suicide mission |
| Gorgons | Stheno (immortal), Euryale (immortal), and Medusa (mortal) |
| Medusa | She was a mortal gorgon who was raped by Poseidon in Athena's temple |
| Pegasus | Winged horse who sprung from Medusa's body after the decapitation |
| Graiae | Enyo, Deino, and Persis who share one eye and one tooth |
| Larissa | Acrisius went here to hide from Perseus and was killed here by Perseus accidentally with a discus |
| Aegis | Athena's shield which she placed the head of Medusa on |
| Hermes | Gave Perseus a sword that could cut through anything |
| Athena | 1. Gave Perseus a shield that doubles as a mirror to look at Medusa 2. She was one of the goddesses who wanted the golden apple that Eris threw and she promised Paris wisdom and the best in arms 3. She sent a mist over Ajax when he was on his killing spree so instead he killed sheep |
| Cepheus | King of Joppa and father of Andromeda |
| Cassiopeia | Queen of Joppa and the mother of Andromeda who boasted about her daughter being more beautiful than the Nereids |
| Hyperborea | Home of the Nymphs of the north who gave Perseus a cap of invisibility, a changing sack, and winged sandles |
| Andromeda | Daughter of Cephus who was saved by Perseus from being sacrificed for her mother's hubris. Married Perseus |
| Electryon | Son of Perseus and Andromeda and grandfather of Hercules |
| Perseus | Slew Medusa and saved Andromeda, ruled in Tiryns |
| Thetis | Mother of Achilles who married Peleus |
| Peleus | A mortal who was forced to marry Thetis by Zeus. He was an Argonaut |
| Themis | The prophet who said that if Zeus and Thetis had a child, the child would overthrow Zeus. He was a Titan |
| Eris | The goddess of discord (divided parts) who was not invited to Thetis and Peleus' wedding because she would cause mayhem, but she went anyway and threw a golden apple that said, "to the most beautiful goddess" |
| Paris | 1. He was assigned to choose the most beautiful goddess and he chose Venus 2. Prince of Troy, son of Priam. He steals Helen from the Judgement of Paris and he kills Achilles |
| Venus | She was one of the goddesses who wanted the golden apple that Eris threw and she promised Paris the most beautiful wife (Helen) and she received the apple |
| Aulis | The port where ships were gathering to sail to Troy and it was where Iphigenia was sacrificed |
| Agamemnon | 1. Married to Clytemnestra and he shoots a deer sacred to Artemis so he is forced to sacrifice his daughter, Iphigenia, to stop the bad winds and plauge Artemis sent them 2. He led the Greeks against Troy and gave his female captive, Chryseis, back. He then took Achilles' female captive, Briseis, from him which made Achilles angry 3. Killed by Clytemnestra and Aegisthus |
| Artemis | Sent a plauge and bad winds upon Agamemnon and his people as a punishment for her killed deer |
| Calchis | A prophet who told Agamemnon to sacrifice his own daughter in order to stop the plague and bad winds |
| Iphigenia | Daughter of Agamemnon who tells her that she is to marry Achilles but tricked her and instead sacrificed her to Artemis |
| Achilles | 1. The one who Agamemnon told Iphigenia she was going to marry but instead tricked her and sacrificed her. Son of Thetis and Peleus 2. His female captive was Briseis but Agamemnon took her away from him and he became angry so he refused to fight in the Trojan War. His cousin, Patroclus, disguises himself as Achilles and fights and is killed so Achilles becomes angry and fights and kills Hector. He then dragged Hector's dead body around |
| Scyros | Thetis hides Achilles on this island so he will not go to Troy and fight. He is disguised as a girl |
| The Wrath of Achilles | When Achilles becomes angry at Agamemnon for taking his woman captive so he refused to fight in the Trojan War and the Greeks become weak |
| Chryses | A priest of Apollo, father of Chryseis |
| Chryseis | Daughter of Chryses who became a female captive of the Greeks, more specifically Agamemnon, but she was given back because her father threatened to put a curse on the Greeks |
| Briseis | A femal captive of the Greeks who was given to Achilles but then Agamemnon took her, insulting Achilles |
| Patroclus | Cousin of Achilles who disguises himself as Achilles when Achilles won't fight and he goes and fights against the Trojans. He is killed in battle by Hector |
| Priam | The king of Troy who sneaks into Achilles' tent and begs Achilles to let him bury his son, Hector. He makes Achilles experience catharsis (an outpour of big emotions when one finally feels relief) |
| Achilles' Armor | Divine armor desired by warriors who fought for it. Ajax and Odysseus fought over it and Odysseus received it |
| Odysseus | 1. Wanted Achilles' Armor so he gave a persuasive speech and he got it 2. Credited with the making and idea behind the Trojan horse |
| Ajax | Son of Telamon. He wanted Achilles' Armor so he gave a persuasive speech but did not get it. He was angry so he went on a killing spree but Athena put a mist over him so he killed sheep instead of people and then he killed himself |
| Epeus | Credited with making and the idea behind making the Trojan horse |
| Tenedos | The island the Greeks were hiding from the Trojans behind. The Greeks then came from behind the island and slautered all the Trojans |
| Sinon | He was the spy that convinced Priam that the Trojan horse was an offering to the gods because of the plague over the Greeks. He was a Greek |
| Lacoon | He was a priest who tried to stop the Trojans from trusting the Greeks and bringing in the horse. He is then killed by Poseidon who sent twin serpents to kill him so the Trojans continue to bring in the horse |
| Twin Serpents | Sent by Poseidon to kill Lacoon and his two children in order to help the Greeks. After that they curl around Athena's shield in the temple |
| Clytemnestra | Loved Aegisthus to get even with Agamemnon for killing their daughter. She kills Agamemnon and Cassandra |
| Aegisthus | Lover of Clytemnestra who plots with her to kill Agamemnon when he comes home from Troy. They kill Agamemnon and Cassandra |
| Cassandra | Taken by Agamemnon to be a sex slave and she was killed by Clytemnestra and Aegisthus |
| Orestes | Son of Agamemnon who kills Clytemnestra and Aegisthus to avenge Agamemnon. He is then tormented by the Furies for matricide. Athena then arranged a court of law to hear his case and he was freed from torture |
| Furies | Tormented Orestes for matricide by shrieking in his ears. He was then freed from their torture |
| Polyxena | Daughter of Priam who was the bride of Achilles and was killed at Achilles' death |
| Astyanax | Baby son of Hector and Andromache. He was thrown off the wall of the cliffs of Troy by Odysseys who did not want to be overpowered by him |
| Andromache | Wife of Hector. Taken by Achilles' son, Neoptolemus. Her baby was thrown off a cliff |
| Hecuba | Wife of Priam, Queen of Troy. She had 50 boys and 50 girls |
| Helen | From Sparta, she is returned to Menalaus after being taken by Paris and they live happily ever after. She survived the war |
| Medea | She helps Jason to escape Colchis with the Golden Fleece. Kills her brother, Apsyrtus. |
| Apsyrtus | Brother of Medea. Killed by Medea to delay their father from catching Jason |
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