| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Model | An explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen |
| Element | A collection of atoms that all have the same number of protons |
| Molecules | Chemicals that result from atoms linking together |
| Physical change | A change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance |
| Chemical change | A change that alters the makeup of the elements or molecules of a substance |
| Phase | One of three forms - solid, liquid, or gas - which every substance is capable of attaining |
| Diffusion | The random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| Concentration | A measurement of how much solute exists within a certain volume of solvent |
| Semipermeable membrane | A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through but does not allow other molecules to pass through |
| Osmosis | The tendency of a solvent to travel across a semipermeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration |
| Catalyst | A substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process |
| Organic molecule | A molecule that contains only carbon and any of the following: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and/or phosphorous |
| Biosynthesis | The process by which living organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones |
| Isomers | Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula |
| Monosaccharides | Simple carbohydrates that contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms |
| Disaccharides | Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides |
| Polysaccharides | Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides |
| Dehydration reaction | A chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water |
| Hydrolysis | Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water |
| Hydrophobic | Lacking any affinity to water |
| Saturated fat | a lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms |
| Unsaturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms |
| Peptide bond | A bond that links amino acids together in a protein |
| Hydrogen bond | A strong attraction between hydrogen atoms and certain other atoms in specific molecules |
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urself