Unit B3: Ecology
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Created by:
PrudeHawkeye on January 17, 2012
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Description:
Mr. Carlson's North High School Biology class
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Species | Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| Population | Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area |
| Community | Different populations that live together in the same area |
| Ecosystem | All of the organisms that live in a place, together with their nonliving environment |
| Ecology | Study of interactions between organisms, and between organisms and their environment |
| Biotic Factor | Any living part of the environment that an organism might interact with |
| Abiotic Factor | Any nonliving part of the environment that an organism might interact with |
| Autotroph | Organisms that make their own food |
| Heterotroph | Organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things |
| Primary Producer | First producer of energy-rich sugars that are later used by other organisms; autotroph |
| Consumer | Organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food; heterotroph |
| Carnivore | Organism that obtains energy by eating only animals |
| Herbivore | Organism that obtains energy by eating only plants |
| Omnivore | Organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals |
| Detritivore | Organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter |
| Decomposer | Organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter |
| Food Chain | Series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| Food Web | Network of complex interactions formed by feeding relationships involving several food chains |
| Trophic Level | Each step in a food chain or food web |
| Niche | Conditions in which an organism lives and how it uses those conditions ("how it makes a living") |
| Symbiosis | Relationship in which two species live close together |
| Mutualism | Symbiotic relationship; both species benefit (++) |
| Parasitism | Symbiotic relationship; one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it (+-) |
| Commensalism | Symbiotic relationship; one organism benefits and the other is not helped/harmed (+0) |
| Carrying Capacity | Largest number of individuals (of a species) that a specific environment can support |
| Ecological Pyramid | Illustration of the relative amounts of energy/matter contained at each trophic level |
| 10% Rule | Observation that only ~10% of energy available at one trophic level is actually passed up to the next |
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