| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Immunization information | Date of administration, vaccine given, manufacturer, lot number & expiration date, site & route of administration, name, address & title of health care provider |
| Informed consent | Must be obtained before any immunization given. Must be verbal & in writing. |
| Chickenpox - varicella | Infectious agent - varicella-zoster virus Contagious 1-2 days before rash appears and until all lesions are crusted. Transmitted by air & direct contact Avoid aspirin Same virus as shingles |
| Measles - rubeola | Infectious agent - paramyzovirus Contagious 4 days before and 5 days after rash appears. Transmitted by air, droplet contact Koplik spots - red & white spots inside of cheeks |
| Mumps - parotitis | Infectious agent - paramyzovirus Contagious - immediately before & after swelling appears. Transmission - direct & droplet contact May cause sterility in males if contracted at older age. |
| German measles - rubella | Infectious agent - rubella virus Contagious - 7 days before & 5 days after rash Transmission - direct & indirect contact Discrete, pinkish rash - lighter than measles Very dangerous to pregnant women |
| Whooping cough - pertussis | Infectious agent - Bordetella pertussis Contagious - from catarrhal stage through 4th week Transmission - direct contact, air, & fomites |
| Whooping cough stages | Catarrhal - symptoms of URI 1-2 weeks Paroxysmal - paroxysmal cough, bulging eyes, post-tussive vomiting 4-6 weeks Convalescent - cough gradually decreases |
| Fifth disease - erythema infectiosum | Infectious agent - human parvovirus Contagious - uncertain, probably during early stages Transmission - contact with respiratory secretions |
| Fifth disease stages | 1st stage - erythema on face - slapped face look, 1-4 days 2nd stage - symmetrical, lacy maculopapular rash, 1 week 3rd stage - rash subsides but can resurface if skin is irritated |
| Fifth disease caution | Fetal death if mother infected during pregnancy |
| Roseola - exanthema subitum - sixth disease | Infectious agent - human simplex virus type 7 Contagious - unknown Transmission - respiratory secretion |
| Roseola symptoms | High fever in healthy child, fever drops then rash appears several days later. Rash fades when pressure is applied to skin. Rash lasts 1-2 days. |
| Scarlet fever - scarlatina | Infectious agent - Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci Contagious - during incubation & clinical illness Transmission - direct & indirect contact & droplet |
| Scarlet fever symptoms | Prodromal stage - sudden high fever. Rash appears within 12 hrs. Red pinpoint lesions rapidly become generalized except face Enlarged tonsils & strawberry tongue Skin may peel and feel like sandpaper |
| Hepatitis B | Given IM Given in three doses at 0, 1, & 6 months Premedicate before immunizing |
| Polio IPV - inactivated polio vaccine | Given IM or Subcut Given at 2, 4, 6-18 months. Booster again at 4-6 years |
| DTaP - Diphtheria, Tetanus, & Pertussis | Given IM 5 doses; one at 2 mos, 4 mos, 6 mos, 15-18 mos & 4-6 years |
| Measles, Mumps & Rubella - MMR | Given subcut 2 doses; one at 12-15 mos, second at 4-6 years |
| Haemophilus influenzae type b - Hib | Given IM 3 or 4 dose schedule 2 mos, 4 mos, (6 mos), & 12-15 mos Prevents bacterial meningitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia, sepsis |
| Chickenpox - varicella | Live virus vaccine 2 doses one 12-18 mos & second 4-7 years Ages 13 & older require 2 doses 4-8 weeks apart Avoid vaccine during pregnancy |
| Meningococcal vaccine | Recommended for children 11-12 years of age & college freshmen 1 dose for most people Prevents bacterial meningitis |
| Pneumococcal vaccine | Given subcut or IM 4 doses: 2 mos, 4 mos, 6 mos & 12-15 mos Protection lasts 3-5 years New vaccine Meactra last >8 years |
| Rotavirus | Given orally 3 doses: 2 mos, 4 mos & 6 mos Do not give to immunocompromised Do not give if history of intussusception |
| Gardisil - HPV vaccine | Given IM 3 injections over 6 months Typically girls age 11-12, or as young as 9 Can be given to any women who has not tested positive for HPV |
| Hepatitis A | Given IM 2 doses: typically 18 mos & 2 years First does followed by second dose 6-12 mos later |
| Pediarix - combination vaccine | Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hep b & polio 3 doses: 2 mos, 4 mos & 6 mos |
| Influenza vaccine | Recommended for infants 6 mos & older through age 18 years. |
Combine with other sets
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