Nuclear Fusion
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Created by:
internetpuppy on January 17, 2012
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Quarks: | Fundamental particles that are put together to make things, like mass. *Up (+2/3) *Down (-1/3) *Top *Bottom *Charm *Strange |
| The 4 Fundamental Forces: | *Gravity *Electromagnetic *Strong *Weak |
| Gravity Force: | Attracts all objects w/ mass to other objects w/ mass. WEAKEST. |
| Electromagnetic Force: | Long-range; attracts UNLINE charges and repels LIKE |
| Strong Force: | Short-range; holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom |
| Weak Force: | Short-range; causes proton to turn into a neutron, a positron, and a neutrino. Responsible for Beta Decay. |
| Leptons | Little things w/ almost no mass |
| Bosons | Carry the forces around to other particles |
| Higgs Boson | Thought to give quarks mass; not yet discovered |
| Nuclear Fusion Formula: | nucleus1+nucleus2 => nucleus3+energy (mass becomes energy) |
| Nuclear Fusion | The energy source for the Sun |
| How is the Sun able to keep producing so much energy so steadily for so long? | B/C a small amount of mass equals a large amount of energy. But it will eventually run out of matter, and will die. *E=mc^2 |
| What is the net result of the proton-proton chain? | 4 hydrogens are fused into 1 helium, 2 neutrinos + energy (4H => He+energy+2neutrinos) *Helium stays in core *Energy becomes gamma rays and gradually looses energy as travels out of core. Emerges as visible light! *Neutrinos escape w/o interacting |
| What natural barrier tries to prevent two protons from combining? | electromagnetic repulsion (force); ++ |
| Where do the neutrons found in helium atoms come from in the Sun? | They are created when the weak nuclear force acts on a proton. |
| Which is the weakest of the fundamental forces? | the gravitational force |
| Neutrinos are emitted from... | The core of the sun |
| Neutrinos escape w/o... | Interacting |
| Neutrinos prove what? What's the problem there? | Our theory of nuclear fusion. Problem is, we aren't finding enough according to our model. Most likely there is a problem with out understanding of neutrinos. |
| The first subatomic particle discovered was the... | Electron (-) |
| In nuclear fusion, energy comes from... | Mass |
| What is required for nuclear fusion to happen? | Like-charged nuclei must get close enough to fuse, which can only happen under extremely high temperature. |
| Positrons have what charge? | + |
| Electrons have what charge? | - |
| Neutrinos have what charge? | No charge! |
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