| Term | Definition |
|---|
| colloid | a mixture consisting of particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions forming mixtures |
| electrolyte | a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current |
| nonelectrolyte | a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not condcut an electric current |
| soluble | capable of being dissolved |
| solute | the substance dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | the dissolving medium in a solution |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase |
| suspension | a mixture in which the particles in the solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated |
| effervescence | the rapid escape of a gas from the liquid in which it is dissolved |
| heat of solution | the net amount energy absorbed or released as heat when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent |
| henrys law | the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid |
| hydration | a solution process with waters as the solvent |
| immiscible | liquid solute and solvents that are not soluble in each other |
| miscible | liquid solutes and solvents that are able to dissolve freely in one another in any proportion |
| saturated solution | a solution that contains the maxium amount of dissolved solute |
| solubility | the amount of a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specific temperature |
| solvated | a solute particle that is surrounded by solvent molecules |
| solution equilibrium | the physical state in which the opposing processes of dissolution and crystalization of a solute occur at the equal rates |
| supersaturated solution | a solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions |
| unsaturated solution | a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution under existing conditions |
| concentration | a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution |
| molality | the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent |
| molarity | the number of moles of solute in one litter of solution |
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