Fallacies and Rhetorical Devices
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Created by:
elizabethjoyy on January 17, 2012
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ad hominen | "to the man" attacking the character of people you disagree with (ethical) |
| scare tactics | stampede legitimate fears into panic or prejudice (emotional) |
| Either-Or | reduce options doe actions to only two choices(emotional) |
| Slippery Slope | today's tiny misstep as tomorrow's slid into disaster (emotional) |
| Sentimental Appeal | using tender emotions excessively to distract readers from fact (emotional) |
| Bandwagon Appeal | urging people to follow the same path everyone else is taking (emotional) |
| Appeals to False Authority | occurs when writers offer themselves or other famous authority they cite as sufficient warrant for believing a claim (ethical) |
| Dogmatism | the truth is self-evident to those who know better (ethical) |
| Moral Equivalence | suggesting that serious wrong doings don't differ in kind from minor offenses (ethical) |
| Hasty Generalization | an inference drawn from insufficient evidence (logical) |
| Faulty Casualty/Post Hoc | assumption that because one event or action follows another the first necessarily causes the second (logical) |
| Begging the Question | assuming as true the very claim that is disputed (logical) |
| Equivocation | play on words (logical) |
| Non Sequitur | claims, reasons, or warrants that fail to connect logically; one point doesn't follow from another (logical) |
| The Straw Man | attack an argument that isn't really there (logical) |
| Faulty Analogy | inaccurate or inconsequential comparisons between objects or concepts (logical) |
| Anadiplosis | when the last word of a sentence or clause becomes the first word at the beginning of the next sentence or clause |
| Analogy | a comparison between two things for the purpose of explanation |
| Anaphora | repeating a sequence of words at the beginnings of neighboring clauses |
| Antithesis | rhetorical contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangements of words, clauses, or sentence |
| Apostrophe | a turn from the general audience to address a specific group or person |
| Litotes | understatement for intensification |
| Metonymy | substitution of one word for another |
| Synecdoche | use of a part for the whole |
| Euphemism | an agreeable or non-offensive way to express harsh or unpleasant ideas |
| Paradox | an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense but that may yet have some truth in it |
| Alliteration | a repetition of the same sound beginning several words in a sequence |
| Allusion | a brief reference to a person, event, or place, or work of art |
| Parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases or clauses |
| Rhetorical Question | a question asked merely for effect |
| Simile | comparison using like or as |
| Extended Metaphor | comparison without using like or as that continues through out a series of sentences in a paragraph |
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