Biochemistry
About this set
Created by:
dcflashcards on January 18, 2012
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Organic Compound | compounds containing carbon, except of carbon dioxide (CO2) , carbon monoxide (CO) and carbonates (-CO3) |
| Four main groups of organic compounds | , lipids (CHO), carbohydrates (CH2O), proteins (CHONS)and nucleic acids (CHONP) |
| Four functional groups | hydroxyl (-OH) carboxyl (O-C-OH) amino (H-N-H) phosphate |
| Organic Chemistry | study of the compounds of carbon |
| Monomers and Polymers of the organic compounds | Class of Organic Compound- Monomers- Polymer carbohydrates- monosaccharides- polysaccharides Protein- amino acid- polypeptides nucleic acid-nucleotides- polynucleotides Lipids- not a polymer because it does not consis of repeating subunits. |
| Tryglycerol | 3 fatty acids with glycerol |
| Steroids | attached ring structure |
| Functional | cluster of atoms in organic compounds |
| monomers | build up carbon compounds |
| polymers | many monomers |
| macromolecule | large polymer |
| Condensation Reaction | the process where a monomer is being attached to a polymer and a water molecule is released |
| Hydrolysis | when water is used to break down a polymer |
| ATP | Compounds that stores energy in its overall structure |
| Carbohydrates | organic compounds composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen in a ration of 1:2:1 they serve as an energy source |
| Monosaccharide | monomer of carbohydrate ex: glucose (main energy source), fructose (in fruits and is sweetest) and galactose (in milk) |
| Polysaccharide | composed of three or more monosaccharides Animals: glycogen Plants: starch, cellulose |
| Proteins | organic compounds composed of mostly carbon, oxygen and nitrogen |
| Amino acids | form proteins when they link |
| Peptide Bind | when two amino acids form a covalent bond |
| Polypeptides | chains of amino acids |
| Enzymes | RNA or protein molecules that act as biological catalysts |
| substrate | the reactant being catalyzed |
| active site | a fold in the enzyme |
| Lipids | large, non-polar organic molecules have a higher ratio of carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen |
| Fatty Acids | unbranched carbon chains make up most lipids long carbon chain-nonpolar-hydrophobic carboxyl group-polar-hydrophilic |
| Phospholipids | phosphate group attached to the third carbon of glycerol. |
| Wax | long fatty acid chain attached to long alcohol chain are waterproof |
| Nucleic Acids | large and complex organic molecules that store and stranfer important info |
| DNA | has info that determines the characteristics of an organism and directs its cell activities |
| RNA | transfers and stores info from DNA that is essential for the manufacturing of proteins |
| nucleotide | monomers that when link become polymers of RNA and DNA |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.