Flashcards: Life Science Final Test (2012)
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Created by:
mrbrown_mms on January 18, 2012
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cell Wall | A tough structure outside the cell membrane that supports and protects the cell (animal cells do not have these) |
| Cell Membrane | Surrounds the cell and only allows certain materials to move into and out of the cell |
| Nucleus | Directs all the activites of the cell |
| Vacuole | A temporary storage place for the cell |
| Vesicle | Transports protein packages created by the golgi bodies |
| Ribosome | Helps to create protein |
| Golgi Bodies | Packages and moves proteins to the outside of the cell |
| Mitochondria | Releases energy for the cell |
| Lysosome | Digests wastes and worn out cell parts |
| Endoplsmic Reticulum | Moves material around the cell like a system of conveyor belts |
| Cytoplasm | Gel-like material inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus |
| Chloroplast | Takes in sunlight, water and carbon dioxide and converts it to food |
| 5 characteristics of living things | 1. organization 2. reproduction 3. adjust to surroundings 4. growth & development 5. need energy, water & minerals |
| Organism | A term meaning living things |
| All living things begin life as how many cells? | one |
| What is DNA? | An instruction manual for building a body |
| What is it called when an egg cell joins a sperm cell? | Fertilization |
| How many chromosomes are in a human zygote? | 46 chromosomes |
| Who was the Austrian Monk that discovered the rules of heredity? | Gregor Mendel |
| Define "Heredity" | The passing of traits from one generation to the next |
| Who took the first usable x-ray picture of DNA? | Rosalind Franklin |
| Define "Organism" | A living thing |
| Define "Cell" | The smallest unit of life. All living things are made of these. |
| Define "purebred" | An organism with two dominant or two recessive genes for a single trait. |
| Define "hybrid" | An organism with one dominant and one recessive gene for a single trait |
| What did Gregor Mendel Show? | That patterns of heredity reflect the transmission of coded information passed from parents to offspring |
| What are chromosomes made of? | DNA |
| Define "species" | A group of organisms that resemble one another and are potentially able to breed. |
| What is cell division? | The process for which a cell divides into two separate cells. |
| What is the "human genome?" | A complete set of instructions to make a person. |
| What are three environmental influences on one's life? | Education, language and friends |
| Define "individual traits" | Traits that cause members of a species to be different from each other. |
| What are the two primary influences working together throughout one's life? | Heredity and Environment |
| Name 3 inherited traits | Hair color, eye color and height |