Ap Euro Ch. 24 vocab
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Created by:
madelinemcdonald on January 18, 2012
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 literacy | the ability to read and write |
| aguste comte | father of sociology |
| charles darwin | English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882) |
| natural selection | a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment |
| herbert spencer | English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903) |
| positivism | A belief that the world can best be understood through scientific inquiry |
| social darwinism | The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle. |
| charles lyell | Father of modern geology, wrote the principles of geology |
| friedrich nietzsche | German philosopher urged the idea of returning to the heroic values of pride, assertiveness, and strength, "GOD is dead" |
| kulturkampf | Bismark's policy to make Catholics put loyalty in the state rather than in the Church |
| papal infallibility | belief of the Roman Catholic Church that God protects the Pope from error when he speaks about faith or morality |
| rerum novarum | Leo XIII's most important statement in which he attempted to resolve conflict between the Church and modern thought |
| relativity | (physics) the theory that space and time are relative concepts rather than absolute concepts; einstein |
| realist | a philosopher who believes that universals are real and exist independently of anyone thinking of them |
| naturalist | an advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms |
| henrik ibsen | realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906) |
| george bernard shaw | British playwright (born in Ireland); founder of fabians |
| modernism | A cultural movement embracing human empowerment and rejecting traditionalism as outdated. Rationality, industry, and technology were cornerstones of progress and human achievement. |
| keynesian economics | Theory based on the principles of John Maynard Keynes, stating that government spending should increase during business slumps and be curbed during booms. |
| virginia woolf | wrote Mrs. Dalloway, Night and Day, The Voyage Out, and Jacob's Room; English novelist and essayist; one of the foremost modernist literary figures of 20th century |
| marcel proust | An esteemed French writer who sought to integrate psychological elements, especially regarding suppressed memories, into literature. His most famous work is the multi-volume "Remembrance of the Things Past" (1913-1927) |
| impressionism | a school of late 19th century French painters who pictured appearances by strokes of unmixed colors to give the impression of reflected light |
| post-impressionists | a term used to describe European painting that followed impressionism, the term applies to several styles of art all of which to some extent derived from impression |
| cubism | an artistic movement in France beginning in 1907 that featured surfaces of geometrical planes |
| sigmund freud | Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939) |
| id | (psychoanalysis) primitive instincts and energies underlying all psychic activity |
| superego | (psychoanalysis) that part of the unconscious mind that acts as a conscience |
| ego | (psychoanalysis) the conscious mind |
| max weber | German sociologist and pioneer of the analytic method in sociology (1864-1920) |
| theodor herzl | German Jewish Politician who advocated the policy of Zionism |
| zionism | a policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine |
| josephine butler | (1828-1906) English reformer who challenged the Contagious Diseases Acts in order to protect the livelihood and rights of women. |
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