Genetics Test
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Created by:
kelseykennelly on January 18, 2012
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 locus | the particular position on homologous chromosome of a gene |
| homozygous | having 2 identical alleles of a gene |
| heterozygous | having 2 different alleles of a gene |
| genotype | the alleles (genes) of an organism |
| phenotype | the physical characteristics of an organism |
| dominant allele | an allele with same effect on phenotype whether it is present in homo or heterozygous state |
| recessive allele | an allele that only has an effect on the phenotype when present in homozygous state |
| codominant allele | pair of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in heterozygote |
| carrier | an individual that has one copy of recessive allele that causes a genetic disease in individuals that are homozygous for this allele |
| test cross | testing a suspect heterozygote by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive |
| p generation | parent generate |
| f1 | offspring (filial) |
| f2 | offspring of f1, allowed to self fertilize |
| O blood group | ii |
| A blood group | IAIA or IAi |
| B blood group | IBIB or IBi |
| AB blood group | IAIB |
| X chromosome | relatively large; carries many genes females have 2 copies, males have 1 |
| Y chromosome | much smaller; carries only a few genes |
| Sex linked genes | genes located on X chromosome |
| gene linkage | combinations of genes tend to be inherited together because of their loci being close together on the same chromosome |
| recombination | the reassortment of genes or characteristics into different combinations from those of the parents |
| linkage groups | crossing over allows recombination of linked genes; all of the genes that have their loci on the same chromosome form a linkage group |
| polygenic inheritance | a single characteristic that is controlled by 2+ genes |
| 9 | number of possible genotypes there are for a polygenic character that is controlled by 2 genes each with 2 alleles |
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