Anatomy Final
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Created by:
elizabeth_donovan on January 18, 2012
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69 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The heart of the pig has ______ chambers. | 4 |
| Blood is sent to the body from the heart through which blood vessel? | aorta |
| Valves that open into the pulmonary trunk and the aorta are called: | semilunar |
| the aorta connects to the | left ventricle |
| The vessel(s) that supply blood to the heart itself: | coronary |
| Which of the following statements is false?: 1) Blood traveling through the lungs exits through a single pulmonary vein. 2) The ventricles are larger than the atria. 3) The mammalian heart is a double loop. 4) Blood is simultaneously sent to the lungs and to the body when the ventricles contract. | 1) Blood traveling through the lungs exits through a single pulmonary vein. |
| How many quarts of blood does the average healthy adult have? | between 5 and 6 |
| Where are red blood cells formed? | bone marrow |
| The Rh factor in blood is named for... | Rhesus monkeys |
| Which type of blood is known as the "Universal Donor"? | Type O |
| If a father's blood type is B, and a mother's blood type is A, then a child's blood type can be... | Only type AB |
| Which blood type is the rarest? | Type AB- |
| Which type of blood is known as the "Universal recipient?" | Type AB |
| If a father is Rh-, and a mother is Rh-, then the child can be... | Only Rh- |
| Your lungs contain ___ miles of airways. | 1500 |
| How many alveoli are in your lungs? | 300 million |
| Every minute you breathe in __ pints of air. | 13 |
| True or False; the right lung is larger than the left | true |
| The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is ___ mph. | 99 |
| The surface area of the lungs if roughly the same size as a ____. | tennis court |
| We lose ___ water every day through breathing. | 1/2 liter |
| A person at rest breather between ___ times/minute. | 12-15 |
| True or False; the breathing rate is faster in men than it is in women and children. | true |
| The human intestines are ____ feet. | 25 |
| Horse intestines are ___ feet. | 89 |
| Food sloshing in the stomach can last ____ hours. | 3-4 |
| In your lifetime, your digestive system may handle __ tons of food. | 50 |
| How much saliva is produced in 1 day? | 1-3 pints |
| True or False; the stomach's wall is lined with 5 layers of powerful muscles. | false; 3 |
| On average the stomach produces ____ liters of HCl. | 2 |
| The typical colon harbors more than ___ species of bacteria. | 400 |
| How many adult teeth are there? | 32 |
| How much gas does a normal person pass each day? | 1/2 liter |
| Regions of the abdomen | Rt. Hypochondriac Region | Epigastric Region | Left Hypochondriac Region Right Lumbar Region | Umbilical Region | Left Lumbar Region Rt. Iliac (inguinal) Region | Hypogastric Region |Left Iliac (inguinal) Region |
| gallbladder | is a small organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and concentrates bile produced by the liver. Abdominopelvic cavity: (liver, gallbladder, stomach, spleen, pancreas, intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive organs) |
| periosteum | membrane that surrounds the heart |
| medullary cavity | hollow area inside the diaphysis of the bone that contains yellow bone marrow |
| Epiphysis vs. Diaphysis | end of a long bone vs. shaft of a long bone |
| Haversian Canals | the canal in the Haversian system that contains a blood vessel |
| Epidermis vs. Sebaceous Glands | "false" skin, outermost layer of the skin vs. oil-producing glands found in the skin |
| Epithelial Tissue | covers the body and it's parts, lines various parts of the body; forms continuous sheets that contain no blood vessels; classified according to shape and arrangement |
| Homeostasis | relative uniformity of the normal body's internal environment |
| Neurons | nerve cell, including it's processes (axons and denrites) |
| Nephrons | anatomical and functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule |
| synapse | junction between adjacent neurons |
| Central Nervous System | the brain and spinal cord |
| cerebrum | the largest and uppermost part of the human brain that controls consciousness, memory, sensations, emotions, and voluntary movements |
| cerebellum | the second largest part of the human brain that plays an essential role in the production of normal movements |
| Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System | Composed of 12 cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves • Carries impulses to and from the CNS • Basic functional unit- Neuron • Divisions: Somatic= voluntary vs. Autonomic= division that regulates involuntary actions and is further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic parts |
| Urethra, Hormones, Endocrine glands | passageway for elimination of urine; in males, also acts as a genital duct that carries sperm to the exterior |
| Mediastinum | a subdivision in the midportion of the thoracic cavity |
| Physiology | the study of body function |
| Organization of Organisms | Cells, tissues, Organs, Organ systems, organisms |
| Superior vs. Inferior | higher, lower, opposites |
| pelvic cavity | the lower potion of the ventral cavity; the distal portion of the abdominopelvic cavity |
| Axial vs. Appendicular Divisions | refers to the head, neck, and torso, or trunk of the body vs. refers to the upper and lower extremities of the body |
| medial | of or toward the middle; opposite of lateral |
| connective tissue | most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body and has numerous functions |
| effectors | responding organ; for example, voluntary and involuntary muscle, the heart, and glands |
| ligaments | bond or band connecting two objects; in anatomy, a band of white fibrous tissue connecting bones |
| permanent cartilage | cartilage which does not normally become ossified. |
| tendons | bands or cords of fibrous connective tissue that attach a muscle to a bone or other structure |
| fontanels | "soft spots" on the infant's head; unossified areas in the infant skull |
| hinge joints | move forward and backward; knees, knuckles, elbows |
| Ball-and-Socket Joints | allow widest motion; ex. Hips and shoulders |
| yellow marrow | stores fat |
| red marrow | produces RBC's and WBC's |
| Distal vs. Proximal | away vs. near |
| GI Tract- Digestive System | - Primary Parts- mouth, (gastro-intestinal) pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum, anal canal - Accessory Parts- teeth, salivary glands, tongue, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, appendix (attached to large intestines) - Function- digest and absorb nutrients - material= feces |
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