| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Random Assortment | during meiosis, chromosomes assort independently of one another |
| Meiosis | process in which gametes (sperm and egg) are formed; results in 4 new haploid cells |
| Diploid | two copies of each chromosome |
| Asexual Reproduction | cell splits in half; forms two identical cells |
| Gene Mutation | a permanent, irregular change in the DNA sequence |
| Nondisjunction | failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly; results in trisomy |
| Crossing Over | homologous chromosomes cross and swap corresponding segments of DNA |
| Cell Cycle | the cycle of growth and asexual reproduction of a cell, consisting of interphase, mitosis or meiosis, and cytokinesis |
| Chromosomes | what genes are line up on; in most cells, chromosomes occur in pairs |
| Fertilization | the union of male and female gametes |
| Mitosis | nuclear division in which each daughter nuclei are identical to one another |
| Sexual Reproduction | allows for genetic variation |
| gene regulation | mechanism that turns on or off gene expression |
| homologous chromosomes | chromosomes that are the same size and shape and code for the same traits |
| karyotype | picture of all the pairs of chromosomes in a cell arranged in order from largest to smalles |
| cytokinesis | division of cytoplasm; last stage of the cell cycle |
| interphase | first stage of the cell cycle when DNA replication takes place and the cell grows |
Combine with other sets
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