| Term | Definition |
| Acropolis | hill-top fortress meaning "high city" |
| Parthenon | the main temple of the goddess Athena |
| Assembly | a group of persons gathered together for a common purpose |
| Juries | people who help the judge decide if people are right or wrong |
| Socrates | Greek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to death for corrupting Athens youth |
| philosophy | study of basic questions of reality and human existance |
| Plato | ancient Athenian philosopher |
| Peloponnesian Wars | Conflict with Athens and Sparta |
| Golden Age | a period in which a society of culture is at its peak |
| Sparta | an ancient Greek city famous for military prowess, an ancient Greek city famous for military prowess |
| Athens | the capital and largest city of Greece |