Lecture 1, Nursing 231 Advanced Mgt of IV Therapy
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Created by:
AertonHughes Plus on January 19, 2012
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Intracellular fluid | Fluid in the cells |
| Interstitial fluid | Fluid between the cells |
| Intravascular fluid | Fluid, aka Plasma, in the vessels |
| Osmosis | Movement of water from low concentration to high |
| Diffusion | Passive movement from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration |
| Isotonic | Same concentration as blood. Ex.; NS |
| Hypertonic | Greater concentration than blood; fluid shifts out of cells; cells shrink. Ex.: 3% saline |
| Hypotonic | Lesser concentration than blood; fluid shifts into cell; cells swell. Exs.: .45% NS, .225% NS, D5W |
| Signs of fluid volume excess include: | Crackles, JVD, increased BP, peripheral edema |
| Signs of fluid volume deficit include: | Increased pulse, pallor, dizziness, decreased BP` |
| Basic IV bag check should include: | Check date, clarity, type. |
| Macrodrip sizes: | 10, 15, 20 gtt/ml |
| Microdrip sizes: | 60 gtt/ml |
| IV - Hematoma Signs and Symptoms | Ecchymosis (large petiechiae from ruptured vessels); Immediate swelling |
| IV - Hematoma Treatment (Tx) | Discontinue catheter; apply pressure |
| IV - Local complication - Thrombosis S & Sx: | IV flow ceases; Unable to flush saline lock |
| IV - Local complication - Thrombosis Tx: | Discontinue catheter; warm compress; DO NOT irrigate, milk, rub, massage, or aspirate |
| IV - Local complication - Phlebitis S & Sx: | Erythema, warmth; Pain or tenderness; edema; streak formation |
| IV - Local complication - Phlebitis Tx | Discontinue catheter; warmth |
| Infiltration | IV is out of vein and fluid is entering interstitium |
| Extravasation | Tissue necrosis |
| Local complication - Site infection S & Sx: | Edema, Pain, Erythema, Exudate |
| Local complication - Site infection Tx: | d/c |
| IV Systemic complications | Septicemia, Circulatory overload, Air emboli, speed shock, catheter emboli |
| IV - Systemic complication - septicemia S & Sx: | Fever, Malaise, VS changes |
| IV - Systemic complication - septicemia Tx: | Culture; antibiotics |
| IV - Systemic complication - circulatory overload early S & Sx: | JVD, BP, HR, Dyspnea, crackles, hypoxia |
| IV - Systemic complication - circulatory overload late S & Sx: | Change in LOC, weight gain, peripheral edema |
| IV - Systemic complication - circulatory overload Tx: | Decrease IV rate; notify the physician |
| IV - Systemic complication - air emboli S & Sx: | Change in LOC; Cyanosis; Dyspnea; VS changes (tachypnea, tachycardia, hypotension); murmur |
| IV - Systemic complication - air emboli Tx: | Stop the leak!; Left Trendelenburg position; Oxygen; aspirate. |
| IV - Systemic complication - speed shock S & Sx: | headache, syncope, VS changes, apprehension |
| IV - Systemic complication - speed shock Tx: | Stop, go slow; notify physician; monitor VSs |
| IV - Systemic complication - catheter emboli S & Sx: | Pain |
| IV - Systemic complication - catheter emboli Tx: | tourniquet; positioning; notify the physician |
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