AP Bio Evolution
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Microevolution | evolution within a population |
| gene pool | total number of alleles in a population |
| 5 conditions for Hardy Weinberg Principle | No mutations, no gene flow, random mating, no genetic drift, no selection |
| Industrial meleanism | meleanism due to industrial pollution |
| polymorphic | two or more distinct phenotype present in population due to mutated genes |
| gene flow | movement of alleles among populations of one species by migration of breeding animals |
| assortative mating | when individuals mate with those with same phenotype |
| bottleneck effect | severe reduction in size of population due to disaster. reduction of diversity of gene pool |
| Founder effect | when rare alleles occur higher in isolated populations |
| directional selection | favors extreme phenotype ex. drug resistant bacteria due to antibiotics |
| stabilizing selection | extreme phenotypes eliminated |
| disruptive selection | extreme phenotypes favored and leads to more than one distinct form |
| Macroevolution | evolutionary change at or above species level |
| speciation | splitting of one species into two or more |
| species | group of interbreeding population that have a shared gene pool |
| allopatric speciation | new species result from geographical barriers |
| sympatric speciation | when members of a single population develop genetic difference that prevents them from mating |
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