| Term | Definition |
| Biosphere | The portion of Earth where life exists. |
| Biomes | The major types of ecosystems. |
| Climate | Determines the distribution of communities |
| Hadley cells | Belts of circulating air in the atmosphere. |
| Leeward wind | Dry air falls and warms |
| Windward side | Moist air rises and cools |
| Tropical Rainforest | Warm, wet climate located near the equator |
| Chapparel | Shrub land with dry hot summers and cool, rainy winters |
| Estuaries | Productive areas where rivers meet oceans. |
| Intertidal Zone | The edge of an estuary or ocean where water meets land. |
| Deep Sea Vents | Benthic communities based on chemosynthetic bacterium. |