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Endocrine system Regulates long-term changes in the body such as growth and development. Sperm Male reproductive cells. Semen Sperm + 3 fluids. Testicular cancer Typically a young man's cancer. Prostrate cancer Typically an older man's cancer. Vagina The birth canal. Ovaries Glands that produce sex hormones and contain eggs. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) Characterized by bloating, irritability, and mood swings. Stages of birth Labor, delivery of baby, and delivery of afterbirth. Amniotic sac A fluid filled bag that develops around the embryo. Miscarriage Death of the embryo or fetus in the 1st 20 weeks of pregnancy. Amniocentesis Genetic test that removes a sample of the amniotic fluid. Embryo The structure's name from the two cell stage until about nine weeks. Fetus Name of the developing human from the 3rd month until birth. Pregnancy Normally 37 weeks. Cesarian & Vaginally Two ways to deliver a baby. Abstinence The only 100% way to eliminate your risk of contracting STIs and pregnancy. Human Papilloma Virus signs Genital warts and cervical cancer. Main effect of HIV Slowly destroys the immune system. Obstetrician Doctor who specializes in pregnancy and birth. Fallopian tubes Where fertilization takes place. Ways HIV spreads Oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex, intimate sexual contact, sharing needles, and infected mother to child. Aerobic exercise Exercise that increases the need for oxygen Anaerobic exercise Exercise that builds muscles through tension - without air Sprain Injury to a joint caused by a sudden wrenching of its ligaments Strain Overworked muscles. LDL Low density lipoprotein - bad cholestral HDL High density lipoprotein - good cholestral Heart attack Occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked. Stroke Sudden loss of consciousness as a result of a rupture of a blood vessel that leads to a lack oxygen in the brain Plaque Build up in the artery walls that contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. Platelets A cell fragment that plays an important role in the blood clotting process. White blood cells A cell that helps protect the body from diseases. Arrhythmia Irregular heartbeats. Heart murmur Abnormal heart sounds Steroids An artificial form of the male hormone testosterone that is used to increase muscle size and strength. Causes deeper voice, hair growth, acne RICE Rest, ice, compression, elevation. Body composition Measure of how much body fat one has compared to muscle and bone. Hypertension Blood pressure that is consistently 140/90 or greater. Illegal drugs A chemical substance that people of any age may not buy or sell. Depressant A drug that slows the brain and body's reaction time. Stimulant A type of drug that increases the activity of the nervous system. Tolerance Repeated drug use = less effect on brain. Withdrawal A group of symptoms that occur when a dependent person stops taking a drug. Intoxication The state in which a person's physical and mental abilities are impaired by alcohol. Overdose Taking an excessive amount of drugs that could lead to a coma or death. Fetal alcohol syndrome A group of birth defects caused by the effects of alcohol on an unborn child. Alcoholism A disease marked by a person being unable to control their use of alcohol. Carcinogens A substance that is known to cause cancer. Sidestream smoke Smoke that goes directly into the air from a burning tobacco product. Mainstream smoke Smoke that is exhaled from a smoker's lungs. Drug misuse Improper use of medication. Drug abuse The intentional unsafe use of a drug. Factors that influence underage drinking Friends, family, media Factors that affect a BAC Weight, gender, rate of consumption, stomach contents, amount Stages of an acloholic's recovery Identify problem, detoxifaction, rehabilitation Marijuana This has long lasting health effects, distorts your perceptions and makes driving a car dangerous. Teens Pressure to use tobacco starts here.