| Term | Definition |
|---|
| South Africa | the most industrialized country in Africa |
| industrialized country | great deal of manufacturing occurs |
| Boers | the Dutch that settled in South Africa in the 1600's. The word comes from the Dutch word for farmers |
| Afrikaners | The Boers, German, Belgian, and French settlers of South Africa. |
| Afrikaans | language of the Afrikaners |
| apartheid | In 1948, the whites in South Africa set up this system that made it illegal for different races and ethnic groups to mix, thus limiting the rights of blacks |
| townships | neighborhoods outside cities |
| Nelson Mandela | South Africa's first black president |
| townshipa | neighborhoods outside cities |
| enclaves | Lesotho and Swaziland are examples of these because they are small countries located inside a larger country (South Africa). |
| Zambezi | This river crosses the country of Zambia. |
| copper belt | a large area of copper mines |
| sorghum | a tall grass whose seeds are used as grain and to make syrup |
| Harare | the capital and largest city of Zimbabwe |
| Kalahari | This desert spreads over southwestern Botswana. |
| fish | Lake Malawi has over 500 species of this, more than any other inland body of water in the world. |
| Cabinda | Angola includes this exclave. |
| exclave | a small part of the country that is separated from the main part |
| slash-and-burn farming | a method of clearing land for planting by cutting and burning forests |
| cyclone | intense storm system with heavy rain and high circular winds |
| Maputo | the capital and largest city of Mozambique |
| Antananarivo | the capital and largest city of Madagascar |
| Madagascar | This country produces most of the world's vanilla beans. |
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