Health
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Created by:
sparklinstar14 on January 21, 2012
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Description:
Semester 2 Test 1
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Calorie | The energy that it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water, 1 degree Celsius. |
| Unsaturated | Stays liquid at room temp. Found in corn, safflower, and canola oils. |
| Saturated | Increase blood cholesterol levels. Found in red meat, cheese, butter, and oils such as coconut. |
| Fats or Lipids | Provide concentrated energy. Give food flavor. Keep skin soft. 3 forms of it. |
| Simple Carbohydrates | Convert to glucose quickly. |
| Complex Carbohydrates | Essential to the balanced diet. Do not convert to glucose quickly. |
| Monosaccharides | Glucose or blood sugar. |
| Disaccharides | Sucrose or table sugar. |
| Polysaccharides | Starches or grains, veggies, and fruits. |
| Carbohydrates | Chemical compounds composed of various forms of sugar. |
| Complete Protein Foods | Foods that supply all 9 essential amino acids. |
| Incomplete Protein Foods | Foods that do not supply all 9 essential amino acids. |
| Amino Acids | Chief component of protein. Needed for growth and maintenance of body cells. |
| Protein | Compounds composed of chains of amino acids. Primary components of muscle and connective tissue. The body's only source of nitrogen. |
| Nitrogen | Needed to build up new tissue. |
| Six Main Classes of Nutrients | 1) Proteins 2) Carbohydrates 3) Fats 4) Vitamins 5) Minerals 6) Water |
| Purpose of Nutrients | Fuel for energy. The basic building blocks for growth and maintenance. Substances that act to control body processes. |
| Vegan | No eggs, no dairy, no meat. |
| Lactovegitarian | Can eat dairy, no eggs, no meat. |
| Ovolactovegitarian | Can eat eggs, milk, and dairy, but no meat. |
| Fiber | Not considered a nutrient but vital to good nutrition. Plant material that cannot be digested. Found in grains, fruit, and vegetables. |
| Water | Most essential nutrient. |
| Minerals | Inorganic substances needed by the body in small amounts to help regulate body processes. |
| Macro Minerals | Minerals needed in larger amounts. (calcium) |
| Trace Minerals | minerals needed in trace amounts. (iron) |
| Vitamins | Organic substances needed by the body in small amounts to help regulate metabolism. |
| Anemia | Low number of red blood cells. |
| Arteriosclerosis | Excess fat in the blood stream causes narrowing of blood vessels. |
| Beriberi | Lack of thiamine. Causes crippling. |
| Cavities | Excess sugar causes breakdown in dental enamel. |
| Edema | Can be caused by excess sodium. |
| Endemic Goiter | Thyroid becomes enlarged. |
| Kwaskiokor | Lack of protein. |
| Night Blindness | Lack of Vitamin A. |
| Osteoporosis | Causes brittle bones. |
| Pellagra | Sensitivity to sunlight. |
| Pernicious Anemia | Very large red blood cells. |
| Rickets | Causes blowing in the bones. |
| Scurvy | Rash, fatigue, bleeding gums. |
| Eating Disorders | Caused by false body perception. |
| Anorexia Nervosa | See body as fat- starvation. |
| Bulimia Nervosa | Eating, then self induced vomiting or laxatives. |
| Binge | Periods of excessive eating. |
| PICA | Eating non-food items. |
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