Ch. 9 Adolescents & Adulthood
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Created by:
marypoppins128 on May 10, 2009
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Lifespan Perspective | the view that developmental changes happen throughout the human lifespan and that interdisciplinary research is required to fully understand human development |
| Psychosocial Stages | Erikson's developmental stages through which individuals progress during their lifspan; each stage is defined by a conflict involving the individual's relationship with the social environment, which must be resolved satisfactorily in order for healthy development to occur |
| Identity crisis | the emotional turmoil a teenager experiences when trying to establish a sense of personal identity |
| Adolescence | developmental stage that begins at puberty and encompasses the period from the end of childhood to the beginning of adulthood |
| Puberty | period of several yrs in which rapid physical growth and physiological changes occur, culminating in sexual activity |
| Secondary Sex Characteristics | those physical characteristics that are not directly involved in reproduction but distinguish the mature male from the mature female |
| Metamemory | ability to think about and control one's own memory processes |
| Preconventional Level | Kohlberg's first level of moral reasoning in which moral reasoning is governed by the standards of others rather than the person's own internalized standards of right and wrong; acts are judged as good or bad based on their physical consequences |
| Conventional Level | Kohlberg's second level of moral reasoning, in which the individual has internalized the standards of others and judges right and wrong in terms of those standards |
| Postconventional Level | Kohlberg's highest level of moral reasoning, in which moral reasoning involves weighing moral alternatives and realizing that laws may conflict with basic human rights |
| Emerging Adulthood | period from the late teens to early twenties when individuals explore options prior to committing to adult roles |
| Presbyopia | A condition, developing in the mid to late 40s, in which the lenses of the eyes no longer accommodate adequately for near vision, and reading glasses or bifocals are required for reading |
| Menopause | The cessation of menstruation, which usually occurs between ages 45 and 55 and marks the end of reproductive capacity |
| General Slowing | A process in which the reduction in the speed of neural transmission leads to a slowing of physical and mental functions |
| Crystallized Intelligence | A type of intelligence comprising verbal ability and accumulated knowledge, which tend to increase over the lifespan |
| Fluid Intelligence | A type of intelligence comprising abstract reasoning and mental flexibility, which peak in the early 20s and decline slowly as people age |
| Dementia | A group of neurological disorders in which problems with memory and thinking affect an individuals emotional, social, and physical functioning ; caused by physical deterioration of the brain |
| Alzheimer's Disease | A progressive and incurable disorder that involves widespread degeneration and disruption of brain cells, resulting in dementia |
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