1.
2 Original Movements: structuralism
functionalism
2.
behavior: observable actions of human beings, non human animals
3.
central tendancy: mid point
4.
cognition: what we think
5.
demand chareacteristic: those aspects of an observational setting that cause people to hehave as they think they should
6.
Double Blind: an obsverer whose true purpose is hidden from both the bserver and the person observed
7.
empirical method: set of rules and techniques for observatio-people are diff. to study because of complexity, variability, and reactivity
8.
Empiricism: belief that accurate knowledge is gained through observation
9.
Franz Joseph Gall: Phrenology: specific mental abilities and charactereistics are localized in specific regions of the brain.
he believe he could measure the regions of the brain by looking at the skull
which was wrong
10.
frequency distribution: graphical representation of measurments arranged by the # of times each measurment made
11.
Functionalism: study how mental abilities allow people to adapt to their enviornments
12.
GaucianDistribution: normal distriution
13.
Herman von Helmhotz: studied human reaction time, estimated the length of nerve impulse
14.
Ibn al-Haytham: father of scientific method
optics/math
15.
Measole: device that can detect the condition to wich an operational definition refers
16.
Measurment: must definethe proerty we ish to measure and find a way to detect it
17.
mind: private inner experience
18.
nativism: certain kinds of knowledge are inate or inborn
19.
naturalistic observation: a technique for gathering scientific info by unobtrusivly observing people in a natural enviornment
20.
Observe: use of ones senses to learn about the properties of an event or an object
21.
observer bias: expectaitons can influence observer and influence perceptions of reality
22.
operational definition: description of a preperty in concrete terms
23.
Paul Broca: 1824-1880
studied brain damaged patients(left frontal lobe) to link localization to ability
24.
philosophical empiricism: all knowledge is aquired through experience
25.
phisiology: study of biological processes especially in humans
26.
Pierre Flourens: 1794-1867
surgically removed brain pieces and argued against galls methods
27.
power: the ability of a measure to detect the concrete conditions specified in the operational definition
28.
Psychology: scientific study of mind, behavior, brain
29.
reaction time: the amount of time taken to respond to a specific stimulus
30.
reliability: the tendancy for a measure to produce the same measurment whenever it is used to measure the same thing
31.
Rene Descartes: French philosopher argued for dualism btwn mind and body
"i think therefore i am"
-tortured small animals
thought mind was the soul, and was attached to the body through the pineal gland
32.
scientific method: a set of principles about the appropiate relationship between ideas and evidence
33.
stimulus: sensory input from enviornment
34.
Structuralism: analyze the mind by breaking it down into basic components
35.
structuralism: applying methods from phisiology to psychology
36.
Theory of a hypothetical explanation of a natural phenomenom: rule of parsimony: the simpler the explanation the better
37.
Thomas Hobs: arqued against descartes
38.
ugenics: process where try to breed the best people
39.
validity: extent to which a measurment and a property are conceptually related
40.
variability: measurments differ
41.
William James: first to take scientific approach to study psychology
wrote the priciples of psychology
