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Missouri Compromise admitted Missouri as slave state and Maine as a free state and banned slavery north of 36'30 introduced the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 Henry Clay sectionalism loyalty to one's region of a country or regional conflict between two regions Wilmot Proviso said slavery is prohibited in any lands acquired from Mexico John C. Calhoun South Carolina senator, believed no government had authority over slavery Zachary Taylor hero of the mexican war, president in 1849 Free Soil Party political party that endorsed the Wilmot Proviso Free Soil Party slogan "Free soil, free speech, free labor, and free men." Compromise of 1850 admitted California as a free state but passed the Fugitive Slave Law Fugitive Slave Act required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves and return them Kansas-Nebraska Act passed in 1854 allowed Kansas and Nebraska to vote on the issue of slavery Popular Sovereignty allowing people to decide Bleeding Kansas civil war that broke out in Kansas over the issue of slavery John Brown abolitionist who led a raid in Harpers Ferry, where he tried to start a mass rebellion year that John Brown raided Harpers Ferry, VA 1859 southerners justified secession with the theory of ___ ___. states' rights Abraham Lincoln won the election of 1860 issue discussed in the Lincoln-Douglas debates slavery first battle of the war Fort Sumter states that allowed slavery but did not secede West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri states' rights when state and federal laws conflict, and state laws overrule federal Dred Scott slave taken from a slave state to a free state, claimed he should be free James Buchanan president in 1856 formed in 1861 confederacy wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Harriet Beecher Stowe issue in 1844 annexation of Texas decision that said slaves were property so therefore they could not become citizens Dred Scott decision confederate president Jefferson Davis "We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection." -Abraham Lincoln importance of keeping balance in slave and free states for no voting advantages advantages of the confederates support of the white population, fighting a defensive war, strong military leadership, fighting in familiar territory, defending their land advantages of the union larger population, more industry, more abundant resources, better transportation/more miles of railroad, Abraham Lincoln as a leader confederate disadvantages smaller population of free men, few factories, fewer miles of railroads union disadvantages weak military leaders, lack of support from whites president during the war Abraham Lincoln military commander for the confederacy Robert E. Lee second leader of the north Ulysses S. Grant Clara Barton delivered supplies for the union and founded the red cross Battle of Gettysburg union forces defeated Robert E. Lee Appomattox Court House, VA final battle, Lee surrenders to Grant importance of controlling the river could cut off supplies Monitor vs. Merrimack 1862, first battle between two ironclads Emancipation Proclamation 1863, freed all slaves in the south "The Red Badge of Courage" about what it was like to fight in the war Stephen Crane author of "The Red Badge of Courage" Battle of Antietam bloodiest battle, Lee retreats 13th amendment abolish slavery 14th amendment all persons born in US are citizens 15th amendment african american males can vote 54th Massachusetts famous african american regiment, led by a white abolitionist Tecumseh Sherman march through Atlanta, GA and total war Battle of Bull Run first full scale battle, Confederacy Battle of Shiloh helped union gain Mississippi River, Union Battle of Vicksburg cut off supplies to Texas, Union Habeas Corpus guarantees convicted a trial before jailing, Abraham Lincoln suspended it Confederate States Texas, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Tennessee Lincoln was nervous about signing the Emancipation Proclamation because... he was worried the border states would leave the union Stonewall Jackson confederate general David Farragut union commander who captured the port at New Orleans total war complete destruction how was states' rights a disadvantage for the south? refused to give the government power Border States Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware importance of the Border states to protect the capitol and strengthen the north Gettysburg address two-minute speech given by Lincoln dedication a cemetery in Gettysburg 1st amendment freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, petition 2nd amendment bear arms 3rd amendment housing soldiers 4th amendment searches 5th amendment due process 6th amendment trial 7th amendment jury 8th amendment cruel and unusual punishment 9th amendment unlisted rights 10th amendment states' rights