| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Restriction enzyme | Enzyme that cut out specific sections of DNA |
| DNA ligase | Enzyme that joins DNA fragments |
| Annealing | Forming of a temporary pin between DNA fragments by complementary base pairing |
| Gel Electrophoresis | Technique for seperating DNA fragments of different lengths using an electric field in a porous gel |
| PCR | Method of cloning short fragments in vitro |
| Reverse Transcriptase | enzyme used to make DNA from mRNA |
| Plasmid | Minature bacterial chromosome used when cloning DNA in bacteria |
| Microarray | Silicon or glass sheet with thousands of DNA probes that can be used to identify which genes in a tissue are expressed |
| Totipotent | Capable of developing into the full range of cell types of an organism |
| Transgenesis | The artificial transfer of DNA from one species to another |
| Stem cells | Cells that have the capacity to differentiate into a range of types. |
| Xenotransplantation | Transplantation of tissues or organs from one species to another |
| Somatic gene therapy | Repairing a gene by inserting the normal gene into cells of the tissue in which the mutant gene is expressed |
| Denaturation | At 95 degrees Celsius the double stranded DNA seperates into 2 single stranded DNA molecules |
| Sticky Ends | DNA fragments with uneven ends |
| DNA profiling | Process in which DNA sequences of several DNA samples are compared |
| Vector | Plasmid, viral DNA, or bacteria able to transfer small fragments of DNA into a genome |
| Gene cloning | Making many copies of a gene |
| Ti Plasmid | Plasmid that occurs naturally inside certain bacteria, which are able to infect plants |
| Transgenic organism | Organism with a foriegn gene |
| Microinjection | Injecting DNA into egg cells using a very fine glass pipette |
Combine with other sets
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