Foundations of Nursing V.6 - Ch 15
About this set
Created by:
lightsnmusic on January 24, 2012
Subjects:
Vocational Nursing 100 Term 1A - ACC
Description:
Chapter 15 - Body mechanics and Patient Mobility
All chapter Key Terms in addition to medical terminology and relative information.
Classes:
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 abduction | movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body |
| adduction | movement of an extremity toward the midline of the body |
| alignment | relationship of various body parts to each other |
| base of support | area on which an object rests; a stance with feet slightly apart |
| body mechanics | the field of physiology that studies muscular actions and the functions of muscles in maintaining the posture of the body |
| compartment syndrome | pathologic condition caused by progressive development of arterial compression and reduced blood supply to an extremity. |
| contracture | abnormal shortening of a muscle |
| dorsal (supine) | lying flat on the back |
| dorsal recumbrent | supine position with patient lying on back, head, and shoulder with extremities moderately flexed |
| dorsiflexion | bending or flexing backward as in upward bending of the fingers, wrist, foot, or toes |
| extension | movements allowed by certain joints of the skeleton that increases the angle between two adjoining bones |
| Fowler's | posture assumed by patient when head of bed is raised 35 - 60 degrees |
| genupectoral | knee-chest position; patient kneels so that weight of body is supported by knees and chest |
| hyperextension | position of maximum extension; extreme or abnormal stretching |
| immobility | the inability to move around freely |
| joint | any one of the connections between bones |
| lithotomy | patient lies supine with hips and knees flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally |
| mobility | a persons ability to move around freely in his or her environment |
| orthopneic | the posture assumed by the patient sitting up in bed at 90-degree angle |
| physical disuse syndrome | a state in which an individual is at risk for deterioration of body systems as the result of prescribed or unavoidable inactivity |
| pronation | palm of the hand turned down |
| prone | lying face down in horizontal position |
| range-of-motion | any body action involving the muscles and joints in natural directional movements |
| semi-Fowler's | posture assumed by patient with head of bed is raised approximately 30 degrees |
| Sims' | position in which patient lies on side with knee and thigh drawn upward toward chest |
| supination | kind of rotation that allows the palm of the hand to turn up |
| Trendeleburg | patients head is low and body and legs are on inclined plane |
| passive assisted ROM | when it is necessary in assisting the patient with ROM |
| active assisted ROM | when the patient is able to perform ROM with little or no assistance from the nurse |
| flexion | movement of certain joints that decreases the angle between two adjoining bones |
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