| Term | Definition |
|---|
| water | Europe and Asia are not completely surrounded by _________. |
| Eurasia | Europe and Asia are sometimes called _________. |
| Coastal Plain | Located along the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico, broad lowland providing many excellent harbors. |
| Appalachian Highlands | Located west of Coastal Plain extending from eastern Canada to western Alabama; includes the Piedmont. Old, eroded mountains (oldest mountain range in North America). |
| Canadian Shield | Wrapped around Hudson Bay in a horseshoe shape, hills worn by erosion and hundreds of lakes carved by glaciers. Holds some of the oldest rock formations in North America. |
| Interior Lowlands | Located west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Great Plains. Rolling flatlands with many rivers, broad river valleys, and grassy hills. |
| Great Plains | Located west of Interior Lowlands and east of the Rocky Mountains. Flat land that gradually increases in elevation westward; grasslands. |
| Rocky Mountains | Located west of the Great Plains and east of the Basin and Range. Rugged mountains stretching from Alaska almost to Mexico; high elevations. Contains the Continental Divide, which determines the directional flow of rivers. |
| Continental Divide | Imaginary line located in the Rocky Mountains that determines the directional flow of rivers. |
| Basin and Range | Located west of Rocky Mountains and east of the Sierra Nevadas and the Cascades. Area of varying elevations containing isolated mountain ranges and Death Valley, the lowest point in North America. |
| Death Valley | The lowest point in North America, located in the Basin and Range region. |
| Coastal Range | Rugged mountains along the Pacific Coast that stretch from California to Canada. Contains fertile valleys. |
| Longitude | Imaginary lines on the globe that run North to South and measure East and West. |
| Latitude | Imaginary lines on the globe that run East to West and measure North and South. |
| equator | The zero degree latitude line. |
| prime meridian | The zero degree longitude line. |
| parallel | Latitude lines are also called _________ lines. |
| meridian | Longitude lines are also called _________ lines. |
| Atlantic, Pacific | The location of the United States, with its _________ and _________ coasts, has provided access to other areas of the world. |
| Atlantic Ocean | Served as the highway for explorers, early settlers, and later immigrants. |
| Pacific Ocean | Served as an early exploration route. |
| Ohio River | Called the "gateway to the west." |
| Great Lakes | Inland port cities grew in the Midwest along the _________ _________. |
| Mississippi and Missouri Rivers | These rivers were the transportation arteries for farm and industrial products. They were links to ports and other parts of the world. |
| Columbia River | The river explored by Lewis and Clark that they used to reach the Pacific Ocean. |
| Colorado River | The river explored by the Spanish. |
| Rio Grande River | The river that forms the border with Mexico. |
| Gulf of Mexico | Provided the French and Spanish with exploration routes to Mexico and other parts of America. |
| Inuit | First Americans (American Indians) that inhabited present-day Alaska and northern Canada. They lived in Arctic areas where the temperature is below freezing much of the year. |
| Kwakiutl | First Americans (American Indians) that inhabited the Pacific Northwest coast, characterized by a rainy, mild climate. |
| Sioux | First Americans (American Indians) that inhabited the interior of the United States, called the Great Plains and characterized by dry grasslands |
| Pueblo | First Americans (American Indians) that inhabited the Southwest in present-day New Mexico and Arizona, where they lived in desert areas and areas bordering cliffs and mountains |
| Iroquois | First Americans (American Indians) that Inhabited northeast North America, the Eastern Woodland, which is heavily forested. |
| food | The American Indians (First Americans) fished, hunted, and harvested crops for _________. |
| clothing | The first Americans (American Indians) made their _________ from animal skins and plants. |
| natural resources | The first Americans (American Indians)made their shelter from _________ _________ found in their environment (e.g., sod, stones, animal skins, wood). |
| Motivations | Economic, Relgion, and Competition for empire were all (Motivations/Obstacles/Accomplishments) to exploration? |
| Obstacles | Poor maps and navigational tools, disease and starvation, fear of the unknown, and lack of adequate supplies were all (Motivations/Obstacles/Accomplishments) to exploration? |
| Accomplishments | Exchanged goods and idea, improved navigational tools and ships, and claimed terrotires were all (Motivations/Obstaclse/Accomplishments) of exploration? |
| Cooperation | Technologies (transportation of weapons and farm tools), trade, and crops were all areas of (Cooperation or Conflict) among Europeans and Native Americans? |
| Conflict | Land, competition for trade, differneces in cultures, disease, and language differences wereall areas of (Cooperation or Conflict) among Europeans and Native Americans? |
| Spanish | Conquered and enslaved American Indians (First Americans), brought Christianity to the New World, and brought European diseases |
| French | Established trading posts, and spread the Christian religion |
| English | Established settlements and claimed ownership of land, learned farming techniques from American Indians (First Americans), and traded. |
| Francisco Coronado | Claimed southwest United States for Spain. |
| Samuel De Champlain | Established the French settlement of Quebec |
| Robert La Salle | Claimed the Mississippi River Valley for France. |
| John Cabot | Explored eastern Canada for England. |
| Portuguese | The _________ made voyages of discovery along West Africa. |
| gold | The Portuguese traded manufactured goods for _________. |
| West Africa | The empires of Mali, Ghana, and Songhai controlled trade in _________ _________. |
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