Chapter 6: Chemical Reactions
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| chemistry | study of matter and how matter changes |
| physical property | characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance |
| chemical property | characteristic of a substance that can only be observed by changing the substance into other substances |
| physical change | any change that alters the form or appearance of a substance, but does not make it into another substance |
| chemical reaction | change in matter that produces one or more new substances |
| chemical changes | occur when bonds break and new bonds form |
| precipitate | a solid that forms from solution during a chemical reaction |
| endothermic reaction | a reaction in which energy is absorbed |
| exothermic reaction | a reaction that releases energy in the form of heat |
| chemical equation | a short, easy way to show a chemical reaction using symbols instead of words |
| reactant | the substances you have at the beginning of a chemical reaction |
| products | the new substances produced in a chemical reaction |
| conservation of mass | during a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products |
| open system | a system that matter can enter into or escape from |
| closed system | a system in which matter is not allowed to enter or leave |
| coefficient | a number placed in front of a chemical formula in an equation |
| synthesis | when two or more elements (or compounds) combine to make a more complex substance |
| decomposition | a reaction that breaks down substances into more simple products |
| replacement | a reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound, or when two elements in different compounds trade places |
| activation energy | the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
| concentration | the amount of a substance in a given volume |
| catalyst | a material that increases the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy |
| enzymes | biological catalysts found in your body |
| inhibitor | a material used to decrease the rate of a reaction |
| combustion | a rapid reaction between oxygen and fuel |
| fuel | a material that releases energy when it burns |
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