Ancient Rome Terms/Concepts/People
About this set
Created by:
kckaye on January 25, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
Mrs. Kaye's created set of important terms/people/concepts for the Ancient Rome unit
Classes:
Ancient Civilization, History, Per. 10/11 - Latin 1, Per. 13 - Latin 1, Avon 9th Grade
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Republic | a form of government in which citizens elect representatives to speak or act for them. |
| Tribunes | an official elected by the plebeians to protect their rights. |
| Senate | A powerful, ruling body of 300 Roman patricians who served a life-term. |
| Councils | a set of two King-like officials of Rome who commanded the army and government. Elected by the Roman Assembly, only ruled for one year, and could overrule/veto the other Council. |
| Dictator | A political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a limited time during a state of emergency. |
| Legion | A military unit of the ancient Roman army, made up of about 5,000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers on horseback. |
| Romulus and Remus | Traditional story of how Rome began. Twins abandoned and rescued by a wolf, raised by a shepherd. Grew to build Rome. |
| Etruscans | Beginning in the 700s BCE, first rulers of Roman Republic and Empire; Laid the foundation for Rome and Roman civilization. |
| Patricians | the wealthy class in Roman society; large landowners. |
| Plebians | Members of the lower class of Ancient Rome including small farmers, merchants, artisans and traders. |
| Twelve Tables | The earliest written collection of Roman laws, drawn up by patricians about 450 B.C. that became the foundation of Roman law. |
| Punic Wars | a series of three wars between Rome and Carthage, resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance in the western Mediterranean. |
| Triumverate | government of ancient Rome ruled equally by three people. |
| Julius Caesar | A successful Roman general and famous speaker, was governer of Gaul, used army to expand control of Roman Republic, eventually becoming a "dictator for life". |
| Hannibal | Carthaginian military commander who, in the Second Punic War, attempted a surprise attack on Rome, crossing the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants. |
| Caesar | A title used by all Roman emperors. When a New Testament writer mentions "Caesar," he means the emperor who was ruling at the time. |
| Octavian Augustus | Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC. |
| Pax Romana | A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180. |
| Colosseum | Ancient Roman arena known for its tremendous architecture and bloody entertainment |
| Aqueducts | Bridge-like stone structures that carry water from the hills into Roman cities |
| Pompeii | Roman city near Naples, Italy, which was buried during an eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79. |
| Augustus | Imperial title given to Octavian from the Senate marking the founding of the Empire of Rome. |
| Caligula | Only ruled for four years, mentally unstable. He had an affair with his sister and named them both as Gods. He also named his horse a consul. |
| Nero | Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Empire remained prosperous during his rule (37-68) |
| Claudius | An intelligent and scholarly man who conquered Britain. It is believed that his wife, Agrippina, poisoned him with tainted mushrooms |
| Trajan | Adopted by Nerva (previous emperor); One of the "Good Emperors"; Professional soldier from Spain; 1st non-Italian emperor; Brought Rome to it's height in size (about size of US) |
| Hadrian | "Romanized"and organized the empire- built bridges, roads, and aqueducts, ruled during the height of the Pax Romana, Built Hadrians Wall across Britain, strengthened borders |
| Marcus Aurelias | Brought the empire to the height of economic prosperity and defeated invaders, also wrote philosophy |
| Commodus | Marcus Aurelius' weak spoiled son who was named successor |
| Tiberius | Son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (42 BC to AD 37) |
| Vespasian | Emperor of Rome and founder of the Flavian dynasty who consolidated Roman rule in Germany and Britain and reformed the army and brought prosperity to the empire |
| Diocletian | Emperor of Rome (284-305) who divided the empire into east and west (286) in an attempt to rule the territory more effectively. His desire to revive the old religion of Rome led to the last major persecution of the Christians (303). |
| Constantine | Roman Emperor (4th century A.D.) who promoted tolerance to all religions in the Roman Empire and legalized Christianity |
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