| Term | Definition |
|---|
| New England Colonies | Geography: Appalachian Mountains, Boston harbor, hilly terrain, rocky soil, jagged coastline |
| New England Colonies | Climate: Moderate summers, cold winters |
| New England Colonies | Economy: Fishing, shipbuilding industry and naval supplies, trade and port cities, Skilled craftsmen, shopkeepers |
| New England Colonies | Social Life: Village and church as center of life, Relgious reformers and separatists |
| New England Colonies | Political and Civic Life: Town meetings |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies | Geography: Appalachian Mountains, coastal lowlands (harbors and bays, wide and deep rivers), rich farmlands |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies | Climate: Moderate Climate |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies | Economy: Livestock and grain, trading, unskilled and skilled workers and fishermen |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies | Social Life: Villages and cities, varied and diverse lifestyles, diverse religions |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies | Political and Civic Life: Market towns |
| Southern Colonies | Geography: Appalachian Mountains, Piedmont, Atlantic Coastal Plain, good harbors, rivers |
| Southern Colonies | Climate: Humid |
| Southern Colonies | Economy: Large farms/plantations, cash crops, wood products, small farms, slavery |
| Southern Colonies | Social Life: Plantations (slavery), mansions, indentured servants, few cities, few schools, Church of England |
| Southern Colonies | Political and Civic Life: Counties |
| Roanoke Island | Established as an economic venture, also called the "Lost Colony" |
| Jamestown Settlement | The first permanent English settlement in North America (1607), was an economic venture by the Virginia Company |
| Plymouth Colony | Settled by separatists from the Church of England who wanted to avoid religious persecution |
| Massachusetts Bay Colony | Was settled by the Puritans who wanted to avoid religious persecution |
| Pennsylvania | Settled by the Quakers who wanted to have freedom to practice their religion without interference |
| Georgia | Settled by people who had been in debtor's prisons in England. They hoped to experience a new life in the colony and to experience economic freedom in the New World. |
| economic | Georgia, Jamestown, and Roanoke were all settled for _________ reasons. |
| religious | Pennsylvania, Plymouth, and Massachusetts Bay were all settled for _________ reasons. |
| Large Landowners | Lived predominately in the South, relied on indentured servants and/or slaves for labor, were educated in some cases, and had a rich social culture |
| farmers | Worked the land according to the region, relied on family members for labor |
| Artisans | Worked as craftsmen in towns and on the plantation, lived in small villages and cities |
| women | Worked as caretakers, house-workers, homemakers, could not vote, had few chances for an education |
| Indentured Servants | Consisted of men and women who did not have money for passage to the colonies and who agreed to work without pay for the person who paid for their passage, were free at the end of their contract |
| Slaves | Were captured in their native Africa and sold to slave traders, then were shipped to the colonies where they were sold into slavery, were owned as property for life with no rights, were often born into slavery (Children of slaves were born into slavery.) |
| trade | England imposed strict control over colonial _________. |
| French and Indian War | England taxed the colonies after the _________ ____ _________ ____. |
| Finished (manufactured) goods | Colonies traded raw materials for _________ __________. |
| governors | Colonists had to obey English laws that were enforced by _________. |
| appointed | Colonial governors were _________ by the King or proprieter. |
| legislatures | Colonial _________ made laws for each colony and were monitored by colonial governors. |
| political | England and the colonies had economic and _________ relationships. |
| power | England wanted to control the colonies because it wanted to remain a world _________. |
| Stamp act | England imposed taxes, such as the _________ ____, to raise necessary revenue to pay the cost of the French and Indian War. |
| maintaining | England taxed the colonies to help with the _________ of British troops in the colonies. |
| Parliament | Colonists were dissatisfied because they had no representation in _________. |
| governors | Some colonists resented the power of colonial _________. |
| taxes | Colonies opposed _________. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | The _________ ____ ____ hampered the western movement of settlers. |
| property | John Locke believed that people had natural rights to life, liberty, and _________. |
| rights, give | John Locke believed that government is created to protect the _________ of people and has only the limited and specific powers the people consent to ____ it. |
| unalienable | The Declaration of Indepdendence says people have "certain _________ rights" (rights that cannot be taken away |
| pursuit of happiness | The unalienable rights are life, liberty, and the _________ ____ _________. |
| establish | People _________ a government to protect their rights. |
| people | Government derives power from the _________. |
| change | People have a right and a duty to _________ a government that violates their rights. |
| King George III | British King during the Revolutionary Era |
| Lord Cornwallis | British general who surrendered at Yorktown |
| John Adams | Championed the cause of independence |
| George Washington | Named Commander of the Continental Army at the Second Continental Congress |
| Thomas Jefferson | Major author of the Declaration of Independence |
| Patrick Henry | Outspoken member of House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism with "Give me liberty or give me death" speech |
| Benjamin Franklin | Prominent member of Continental Congress; helped frame the Declaration of Independence |
| Thomas Paine | Journalist, author of Common Sense |
| Phillis Wheatley | A former slave who wrote poems and plays supporting American independence |
| Paul Revere | Patriot who made a daring ride to warn colonists of British arrival |
| Boston Massacre | Colonists in Boston were shot after taunting British soldiers. |
| Boston Tea Party | Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led patriots in throwing tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea taxes |
| First Continental Congress | Delegates from all colonies except Georgia met to discuss problems with England and to promote independence |
| Lexington and Concord | This was the site of the first armed conflict of the Revolutionary War (Shot heard round the world) |
| Delcaration of Independence | Colonies informed the King of why they did not wanted to be independent |
| July 4, 1776 | The date of the approval of the Declaration of Independence |
| Georgia | The colony that did not attend the First continental Congress |
| Battle of Saratoga | This American victory was the turning point in the American Revolution |
| Battle of Yorktown | This was the colonial victory over forces of Lord Cornwallis that marked the end of the Revolutionary War |
| Treaty of Paris | England recognized American independence in this treaty, officially ending the American Revolution |
| Treaty of Alliance | Treaty where France agreed to help the colonists win their independence from England |
| defending | A colonial advantage during the American Revolution was that colonists were _________ their own land, principles, and beliefs |
| Spain | An advantage for the colonies was that they had help from the countries of France and _________. |
| Strong | _________ leadership was an advantage of the continental army. |
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