Neuro Lab 4: Cross sectional anatomy of spinal cord and brain stem
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Created by:
Jeanlouiseporter on January 26, 2012
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cervical spinal cord | - high white:grey matter ratio - large ventral horn -larger than thoracic segment |
| thoracic spinal cord | - highest white:grey ratio - small ventral horn, small dorsal horn - smallest diameter |
| lumbar spinal cord | - equal white:grey ratio - large ventral horn and largest dorsal horn - large diameter |
| dorsal horn of spinal cord | dorsal grey matter on both sides |
| intermediate grey | in between dorsal and ventral horns with central canal in the middle |
| ventral horn of spinal cord | ventral grey matter on both sides |
| posterior (dorsal) funiculus | -one on each side - white matter between dorsal horns and dorsal median sulcus |
| Anterior (ventral) funiculus | - one on each side - white matter between ventral horns and ventral median fissure |
| lateral funiculus | -white matter in between dorsal funiculus and ventral funiculus |
| dorsal roots | emerge just lateral and dorsal to dorsal horns |
| ventral roots | emerge just ventral to ventral horns |
| anterior median fissure | separates ventral funiculi and ventral roots |
| central canal | -in the middle of the grey matter -dead ends at obex |
| Clarke's column | -aka dorsal nucleus of clarke - neurons from spine to cerbellum - for proprioception - medial base of dorsal horn from L2-->T9 - most prominent at T12 (visible only in thoracic region) |
| intermediolateral cell column | - T1--> L2 (visible only in thoracic region) - sympathetic motor neurons - most lateral part of intermediate grey |
| Pyramidal tract | -neurons that make up the pyramid of the brainstem -visible in cross section of the medulla |
| pyramidal decussation | -crossing fibers between the pyramids - visible in cross section of medulla just dorsal to the ventral median fissure |
| fasciculus gracilus | - visible in cross section of the medulla - white matter ventral to gracile nucleus - part of the dorsal funiculus - axons that project into the gracile nucleus - as the gracile nucleus gets larger te fasciculus gets smaller |
| nucleus gracilis (gracile nucleus) | - visible in cross section of the medulla - grey matter directly lateral on either side of the dorsal median sulcus - forms the gracile tubercle as the nucleus gets larger the gracile tract gets smaller |
| spinal tract of V | - lateral to spinal nucleus of V - visible in cross section of medulla, pons, and midbrain |
| spinal nucleus of V | - recieves input from CNs V,VII, IX, X - visible in cross section of the medulla, pons, and midbrain -projects to VPM in thalamus - large, central lateral nucleus |
| inferior olive (olivary nucleus) | - visible in cross sections of upper medulla - distinct squiggly look - ventrally located, lateral to VMF |
| 4th ventricle | - visible in cross sections of very upper medulla, and pons -occasionally choroid plexus is also visible - dorsally located -closed in cross section upon reaching pons |
| inferior cerebellar peduncle | - visible in cross sections of upper medulla - located laterally and dorsally -next to nucleus and tract of V. maybe blend with tract of V - fibers come from the inferior olivary nucleus |
| hypoglossal nucleus | - visible in cross sections of medulla - medial, centrally located -relatively small, closely associated with dorsal nucleus of X and solitary tract/nucleus although relationship varies by level. |
| dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (dorsal nucleus of X) | - visible in cross sections of the medulla - located medially - associated with hypoglossal and solitary nuclei, usually in between them depending on level - very small |
| solitary tract and nucleus | - visible in cross sections of medulla and a tiny bit of pons -Cranial nerves VII, IX, X - Tract is in the middle of the nucleus appearing as a dark circle in a light circle. - medially located near hypoglossal and X nuclei |
| reticular formation | - located in cross sections of mid and lower medulla - centrally located- looks like crossing fibers, above olivary nucleus medial to nucleus of V. |
| middle cerebellar peduncle | -visible in cross sections of pons - lateral to ICP and SCP, superior to ICP - dark staining -when cerebellum is visible, MCP is only peduncle visible |
| superior cerebellar peduncle | - visible in cross section of pons - located just lateral to 4th ventricle, squiggly thing in between SCP and MCP |
| foramen of luschka | - visible in cross sections of upper medulla - draining 4th ventricle -dorsal lateral |
| abducens nucleus | - visible in cross section of pons - located just ventral to 4th ventricle, just lateral to VMF - |
| exiting fibers of CN VII | - visible in cross section of pons - located between abducens nucleus and facial nucleus -dark staining |
| facial nucleus | - visible in cross section of pons - located just medial to nucleus/tract of V |
| transverse pontine fibers | - visible in cross section of pons :) - myelinated fibers crossing the midline |
| pontine nuclei | - interspersed in transverse pontine fibers in cross section of the pons |
| pyramidal fascicles | - axons cutting through the pons going to the spinal cord that will become the pyramidal tract -appear as circles un cross section of the pons |
| anterior medullary velum | - visible in cross sections of the pons - roof of the 4th ventricle, dorsal also -visible when cerebellum is visible |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | - loss of dorsal lateral funiculi, cortical spinal neurons |
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