Data

Copy and paste the text below. It is read-only. Select All

Where is the s-block? Columns 1 and 2 on the periodic table Where is the p-block? Columns 3 - 7 on the periodic table qualitative an observation made without measurement quantitative an observation made with measurement scientific notation a shorthand to show very large number and very small numbers; expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 and the appropriate power of 10 significant figures the numbers recorded in a measurement (all the certain numbers plus the first uncertain number) accuracy the degree of closeness of a measured or calculated quantity to its actual (true) value precision The ability of a measurement to be consistently reproduced physical property a property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter chemical property a property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties elements a pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means compounds a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combineded alpha particle largest and most damaging of the radioactive particles, made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons: a helium atom. beta particle an electron, has a -1 one charge gamma pure energy, very damaging, small penetrating waves. How many significant figures? 100,000,000,000. g 12 How many significant figures? 1234 ml 4 How many significant figures? 5,301 cm 4 How many significant figures? 100 mm 1 Name two types of lab safety equipment that you wear. goggles and an apron Quantitative or Qualitative? a red shirt qualitative Quantitative or Qualitative? 90 degrees quantitative Quantitative or Qualitative? 200 kilos quantitative Quantitative or Qualitative? He is tall. Qualitative Accuracy being very close to the target Precise being very close together but may not be close to the target The actual measurement of temperature is 25 degrees Celsius: is the following accurate, precise or both: 20.0 degrees C, 21.0 degrees C,19.0 degrees C, 20.5 degrees C. precise not accurate measurement 25 degrees C, accurate, precise or both? 20.0 degrees C, 25.0 degrees C, 30.0 degrees C, 50.0 degrees C not precise not accurate measurement 25 degrees C, accurate, precise or both? 25.5 degrees C, 25.0 degrees C, 24.9 degrees C, 25.1 degrees C precise and accurate Element or compound? Gold (Au) element Element or compound? Calcium Choride compound Element or compound? sodium (Na) element Compare an element and a compound, Element is found on the Periodic Table Compound is made up of 2 or more elements ( you will see more that one capital letter) How do you separate sand from water? filtration How do you separate salt from water? evaporation How do you separate iron from sand? use a magnet How do you separate two liquids with different boiling points? distillation How do you separate marbles from water? with your hands What do you call the current model of the atom? electron cloud model Why are atoms neutral? the positive protons cancel out the negative electrons What are the parts of the atom? protons - positive electrons - negative neutrons - no charge What are the rows on the periodic table called? periods What are the columns on the periodic table called? families or groups What is an isotope? an atom with the same atomic number but a different number of neutrons Compare Fluorine-18,Fluorine-19, and Fluorine-17. All have 9 protons. Fluorine- 18 has 9 neutrons Fluorine-19 has 10 neutrons Fluorine-17 has 8 neutrons What scientist did experiments with Gold Foil? Rutherford Discovered an atom mostly empty space and that there was a small, dense, positively charged nucleus What is the atomic number of oxygen and what does it tell you? Atomic number = 8 therefore there are 8 protons and 8 electrons What is unique about each atom? The number of protons How many protons, electrons, and neutrons in oxygen (O)? 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 8 neutrons What is the mass number of sulfur? protons = 16 neutrons = 16 mass number = 32 Draw the electron dot diagram for Ca. Ca : What is a valence electron? the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom How many valence electrons in He? 2 How many valence electrons in C? 4 How many valence electrons in S? 6 How many valence electrons in element 17? 7 All of the elements in a group or row have similar _________ because they have the same number of ___________________. similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons What is a covalent bond? Electrons are shared What is an ionic bond? electrons are taken, metals give electrons and nonmetals take electrons What elements create ionic bonds? metals and nonmetals What elements create covalent bonds? nonmetals and nonmetals What is a metallic bond? between metals and metals What do we describe metallic bonds? a sea of electrons What parts of the atom are involved informing bonds? valence electrons What is an ion? a charged particle What is a cation? a positively charged ion, metals, give electrons away What is a anion? a negatively charged ion, nonmetals, take electrons How did Na become an ion? it gave away 1 electron to become a positively charged ion Na +1 How did Mg become an ion? it gave away 2 electrons to become a positively charged ion, Mg +2 How did S become an ion? it takes 2 electrons to become a negatively charged ion, S -2 How did Cl become an ion? it takes 1 electrons to become a negatively charged ion, Cl-1 What is a diatomic molecules? two atoms covalently bonded together What are the diatomic molecules? H2, Br2, O2, N2, Cl2, I2, F2 hydrogen, bromine, oxygen, nitrogen, Iodine and fluorine What are some properties of ionic bonds? crystal lattice (form ions), high melting point, high boiling point, good conductors of heat and electronic What are the properties of covalent bonds? solid, liquid, gases(make molecules), low melting point, low boiling point, poor conductor of heat and electricity, If an atom has 30 protons, 30 electrons and 35 neutrons. What is its mass number? 65 amu What is the rule for writing the names of negative ions? drop the last syllable of the non-metal and add -ide example: chlorine becomes chloride How many sub levels in the 1st energy level? 1s2 How many sub levels in the 2nd energy level? 2s 2p6 How many sub levels in the 3rd energy level? 3s2 3p6 What is the maximum number of electrons in the s sublevel? 2 What is the maximum number of electrons in the p sublevel 6 What is the maximum number of electrons in the d sublevel? 10 What element is 1s2 2s2 2p6? Neon 10 electrons What element is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 calcium 20 electrons What is the electromagnetic spectrum? all of the radioactive energy that travels through space in waves Name the waves in electromagnetic spectrum in decreasing frequency? In order of decreasing frequency, gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, microwaves, and radio waves. what portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is visible? visible light What is name of group 1 on the periodic table? alkali metals What is the name of group 2 on the periodic table? alkaline earth metals What is the name of group 17? halogens What is the name of groups 3 - 12? transition metals What is the name of group 18? noble gases