| Term | Definition |
|---|
| pacemaker | located in right atrium, gives signals to muscles in heart to beat faster/slower |
| small intestine | longest part of digestive tube, nutrients are completely digested and absorbed into blood |
| liver | stores nutrients and makes bile |
| gastric juice | produced in stomach, contains water, hydrochloric acid, enzymes |
| peristalsis | muscle contraction to move food along in the digestive tube |
| gastrin | hormone that control production of gastric juice |
| proteins | begin to be broken down in the stomach, fully broken down in small intestine |
| fats | only broken down in the small intestine |
| carbohydrates | begin to be broken down in the mouth, fully broken down in small intestine |
| bile | produced in liver, stored in gall bladder, breaks down fats |
| pancreatic juice | produced in pancreas, contains enzymes that break down fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids |
| e. coli | bacteria in large intestine that converts cellulose and ded cells into feces |
| esophagus | narrowest part of digestive tube, peristalsis begins here |
| ptyhlin | enzyme in saliva that hydrolyzes starch into maltose |
| large intestine | part of the digestive tube where water is absorbed |
| stomach | widest part of the digestive tube, proteins partially digested here |
| heart | pumps blood around the body, located in upper chest |
| arteries | vessels with thick walls that carry blood away from the heart |
| veins | vessels with thinner walls that carry blood towards the heart |
| capillaries | vessels with walls one cell thick so oxygen and nutrients can diffuse out |
| valves | located throughout the blood vessels and heart, ensure that blood only flows one way |
| white blood cells | defend against disease, able to move on their own, make antibodies, |
| red blood cells | most numerous cell in bloodstream, carries oxygen, contains hemoglobin |
| platelets | 2nd most numerous cell in bloodstream, helps to clot blood |
| plasma | 90% water, carries salts,minerals,proteins,hormones, and nutrients |
| tissue fluid | plasma that leaks out of capillaries - surrounds cells |
| lymph capillaries | tubes that carry fluid back into the blood |
| lymph | tissue fluid inside the lymph capillaries |
| lymph nodes | filter out dead cells/pathogens from the lymph, smaller than lymph organs |
| lymph organs | include the tonsils, adenoids, and spleen, filter dead cells/pathogens from the lymph |
| aorta | largest artery in the body |
| coronary artery | artery that carries blood to the heart |
| cell membrane | the "lung" of single celled animals such as paramecium |
| lung | main human respiratory organ |
| moist, large surface area, thin | 3 characteristics of a good respiratory surface; ______, _______ ________ ________, and ________ |
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