Human Geography Final Review
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Created by:
bloobrrypi on January 26, 2012
Description:
Important terms of first semester human geo
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53 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 demography | the scientific study of population characteristics |
| vernacular region | a place people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity |
| cultural geography | the logical arrangement of human activities in a space |
| China | most populated country |
| physical geography | what characterizes a location based on landscapes, climate, and vegetation |
| ecumene | the portion of the Earth's surface permanently settled by humans |
| 5% | 3/4 of the global population lives on only this percent of Earth's surface |
| arithmetic population density | number of people per total land area |
| physiological density | number of people per kilometer of arable land |
| rate of natural increase | (births-deaths)/1000 |
| total fertility rate | the number of kids an average woman in a society will have through her childbearing years |
| stage 1 | preindustrial |
| stage 2 | transitional |
| stage 3 | industrial |
| stage 4 | postindustrial |
| India | stage 2 country |
| Europe | stage 4 country |
| 1st Wave | Northern and Western Europeans |
| 2nd Wave | Italians |
| distance decay | settling close to source country and where there are job prospects |
| chain migration | settling where people from the same country have previously settled |
| 3rd Wave | Chinese and Mexican migrants |
| 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act | issued visas to several hundred thousand who entered the US without legal documents |
| folk culture | practiced by a small homogenous group living in an isolated environment |
| popular culture | found in large heterogenous societies that share certain customs |
| hearth | geographic location where a social custom organized |
| Tin Pan Alley | hearth of pop music |
| Bronx | hearth of hip hop music |
| linguistics | the diversity of language |
| Mandarin | language spoken by the most people on Earth |
| English | most widely distributed language |
| isogloss | word use boundaries |
| language families | collection of languages related through a single ancestor language |
| Indo Iranian branch | Farsi and Hindi |
| protolanguage | the ancestral language of a language family |
| Kurgan Theory | the theory that Mongolian nomadic herders first developed the Indo European Lang family |
| Anatolian Hearth Theory | the theory that Indo Euro langs originated in Turkey and diffused with agricultural practices |
| Sino Tibetan | the language family that Mandarin belongs to |
| Afro Asiatic | the language family that Arabic and Hebrew belongs to |
| Niger Congo | the language family that Swahili belongs to |
| Gothic | an extinct language |
| lingua franca | people combined two languages into one common language to facilitate trade |
| universalizing religions | attempt to be globally appealing to all people |
| Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism | the three main universalizing religions |
| ethnic religions | generally appeal to one ethnic group in one place |
| cosmology | beliefs of the origins of the universe |
| ethnicity | identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland |
| race | identity with a group of people who share a biological ancestor |
| West | highest percentages of Asian Americans |
| Southwest | highest percentages of hispanic americans |
| southeast | highest percentages of african americans |
| nation state | a state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity |
| balkanization | process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities |
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