| Term | Definition |
|---|
| AXIAL SKELETON | the bones of the head, neck, and torso |
| APPENDICULAR SKELETON | bones of the upper and lower extremities of the body |
| ANGLE | a corner |
| BODY | the main portion of the bone |
| CONDYLE | rounded bump; usually fits into a fossa on another bone, forming a joint |
| CREST | moderately raised ridge; generally a site for muscle attachment |
| EPICONDYLE | bump near a condyle; often gives the appearance of a “bump on a bump”; for muscle attachment |
| FACET | flat surface that forms a joint with another facet of flat bone |
| FISSURE | long, crack-like hole for blood vessels and nerves |
| FORAMEN | round hole for vessels and nerves |
| FOSSA | depression; often receives an articulating bone |
| HEAD | distinct epiphysis on a long bone, separated from the shaft by a narrowed portion |
| LINE | similar to a crest but not raised as much |
| MARGIN | edge of a flat bone of flat portion of an irregular bone |
| MEATUS | tube-like opening or channel |
| NECK | a narrow portion, usually at the base of a head |
| NOTCH | a V-like depression in the margin or edge of a flat area |
| PROCESS | a raised area or projection |
| RAMUS | curved portion of a bone, like a rams horn |
| SINUS | cavity within a bone |
| SPINE | similar to a crest but raised more; a sharp, point process, for muscle attachment |
| SULCUS | groove or elongated depression |
| TROCHANTER | larger bump for muscle attachment |
| TUBEROSITY | oblong, raised bump, usually for muscle attachment |
| BONE FRACTURE | a break in the bone |
| COMPOUND FRACTURE | fracture in which the broken ends of the bone protrude through the skin |
| SIMPLE FRACTURE | classification of a broken bone when the skin remains intact |
| GREENSTICK FRACTURE | incomplete fracture most frequently seen in children due to resilience of their bones |
| LORDOSIS | abnormally exaggerated lumbar curvature of the vertebral column |
| KYPHOSIS | abnormally exaggerated thoracic curvature of the vertebral column |
| SCOLIOSIS | abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column |
| COMPACT BONE | dense bone; contains structural units called Haversian systems |
| CANCELLOUS BONE | bone connecting trabeculae; also known as spongy bone |
| LONG BONES | are cylindrical bones that are longer than they are wide |
| SHORT BONES | are as long as they are wide |
| FLAT BONES | arise when bone tissue invades and hardens fibrous membranes, sheet-like in shape usually curved rather than absolutely flat |
| IRREGULAR BONES | don’t quite fit any of the other categories because of their complexity of their shape |
| DIAPHYSIS | shaft of a long bone |
| EPIPHYSIS | end of a long bone |
| ARTICULAR CARTILAGE | layer of hyaline cartilage covering the joint surfaces of epiphyses |
| PERIOSTEUM | tough, connective tissue covering the bone |
| MEDULLARY CAVITY | hollow area inside the diaphysis of the bone that contains yellow bone marrow |
| ENDOSTEUM | fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity of the long bones |
| OSTEOGENESIS | combined action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts to mold bones into adult shape |
| ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION | process by which bones are formed by replacement of cartilage models |
| INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION | process by which most flat bones are formed within connective tissue membranes |
Combine with other sets
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