| Term | Definition |
| Semi-conservative | DNA is passed from generation to generation with minor alterations |
| Mutation | Permanent change in DNA sequence of a gene. |
| Normal separation | One chromosome of the pair goes to each daughter cell. |
| Deletion Mutation | Chromosome mutation in which a piece of chromosome is broken off and lost. |
| Inversion Mutation | Chromosome mutation in which a piece of chromosome breaks off and is reattached in reverse order. |
| Translocation mutation | Chromosome mutation in which a broken pice reattaches to a non homologus chromosome. |
| Non-disjunction mutation | Chromosome mutation in which both chromosomes of the pair are sent to one daughter cell, and the ther daughter cell gets none.( a pair of chromosomes fail to separate during cell division) |
| Point mutation | A change in a single nitrogen base in DNA. |
| Frame shift mutation | The addition or deletion of a nitrofen base, causing the gene sequence to read it out of sequence. |
| Mutagens | Things that cause mutations such as tobacco, asbestos and ultraviolet radiation. |