| Term | Definition |
|---|
| acanthostega | extinct, first with limbs, between lobefins and tetrapods, upper devonian |
| ichtyostega | between fish and amphibians, upper devonian, limbs but not for walking |
| amniote | vertebrate that lay eggs or have amnion; birds, mammals, reptiles |
| temnospondyls | primitive amphibians, fossils on every continent |
| anthracaosaurs | tulerpeton; reptile-like amphibians, large and aquatic |
| pelycosaurs | early synapsids |
| anapsid | no holes in skull behind eye cavity, earliest amniotes |
| diapsid | two holes in skull behind eye cavity |
| synapsid | one hole in skull behind eye cavity |
| hylonomus | oldest reptile, like a lizard, found in tree stumps |
| therapsid | synapsid, mammal-like reptiles, more vertical legs (than reptiles and pelycosaurs) |
| lepidosaur | lizards, snakes, and tuatara; clade of diapsids |
| archosaur | crocodiles and birds; clade of diapsids |
| carrier's constraint | vertebrates which have two lungs and flex their bodies sideways during locomotion find it very difficult to move and breathe at the same time |
| ornithodira | pterosaurs and dinosaurs from archosaurs |
| theropods | bipedal carnivores; earliest known dinosaurs |
| ornithiscians | first herbivorous dinosaurs |
| sauropods | large herbivorous dinosaurs |
| gastrolith | dinosaur gizzard stone |
| homeotherm | control body temperature precisely |
| heterotherm | allow body temperature to vary widely depending on need |
| endotherm | produce a high body temperature by generating a lot of metabolic heat |
| ectotherm | control body temperature dominantly by behavior |
| Cambrian fauna | trilobites; organisms responsible for Cambrian increase in diversity |
| Paleozoic fauna | rise in diversity in Orovician |
Combine with other sets
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