Key ID's, Ch. 8
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laurelfield on January 28, 2012
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Key ID's for American Pageant, Ch. 8, 9th edition
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10 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation | - It was difficult to enact laws as 9 of out of 13 votes were required. -Congress could not levy taxes, only request funds from the states. -Congress could issue money but couldn't prevent the states from doing likewise. -Congress couldn't control interstate or foreign commerce. -No provision for an independent executive branch or for a national court to handle disputes between citizens of different states. |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | -It provided that the acreage of the Old Northwest be sold and the proceeds would be used to pay off the national debt. -It provided for surveying the frontier to make settlement simple and legal disagreements over land. -It made a provision for funding public education. |
| Northwest Ordinance | -It established procedures for territories becoming states on an equal basis with the existing states. -It forbade slavery in the Old Northwest. |
| Shays's Rebellion | -Captain Daniel Shay led a rebellion starting in Massachusetts to protect farmers from losing their farms due to mortgage foreclosures and also failing to pay taxes. -Demanded cheap paper money, lower taxes, and no mortgage foreclosures. -This frightened the class with property and also showed the need for a strong central government. |
| Great Compromise | -(Connecticut Plan) gave larger states representation by population in the House of Reps. while smaller states equal representation in the Senate. -Each state had two senators. -Every tax measure must originate in the House because large states would have to pay more taxes than smaller states. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | -Southern States wanted slaves to count for representation in the House but not for taxation, northerners wanted the opposite. -Slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a person for both taxation and representation. |
| Slave Trade Compromise | -Congress could not ban the slave trade until 1808. -the Constitution forbade people from blocking the return of runaway slaves to another state. -Slavery remained banned in the Old Northwest. |
| Separation of Powers | -Limited the power of any one part of the government, separated among three branches. -Legislative branch, or Congress, makes laws. -Executive branch, or the President, carries out laws. -Judicial branch, settles disputes by interpreting laws. |
| Checks and Balances | -President can veto legislation, nominate judges, and grand pardons. -Congress can override vetoes, reject presidential appointments, ratify/reject treaties, and impeach members of the other two branches. -Judicial branch can declare laws and presidential actions unconstitutional. |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | -Also known as the elastic clause, grants Congress the power "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers" |
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