Chapter 17 - Special Senses
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Olfactory & gustatory impulses travel not only to the ________________, but also the _______________ | Cerebral cortex; limbic system |
| Define: Limbic system | A complex system of nerves and networks in the brain that controls the basic emotions and drives |
| Which is stronger? Olfaction or gustatory? | Olfaction! |
| The olfactory epithelium is located in the ____________. | Superior part of the nasal cavity (surface of the cribriform plate & extending along the superior nasal concha) |
| Olfactory epithelium = 3 types of cells | 1. Olfactory receptor 2. Supporting columnar epithelial cells 3. Basal cells |
| Olfactory receptor is a _________ neuron with ___________ (olfactory hairs). These receptors respond to _________ molecules | bipolar; cilia; odorant |
| Supporting columnar epithelial cells provide _____ and ______ | Support; nourishment |
| Basal cells are ______ cells that replace olfactory _______ (replaced ________ly) | Stem; receptors; month |
| Olfactory cascade of events (5 steps) | Odorant binds → G-protein & cAMP produced & released → opening of Na+ channels → Inflow of Na+ → Action potentials |
| Pathway of olfactory nerve impulses | 2 olfactory nerves → olfactory bulbs → olfactory tract → Cortex's PRIMARY OLFACTORY AREA (temporal lobe) |
| Olfaction is the only sensory system that has _________ cortical projections. Does not go through the ________ (relay station) | direct; thalamus |
| Olfactory supporting cells & glands are innervated by the ______ nerve (CN _____) | Facial; VII |
| Parasympathetic motor innervation to _______ glands & the ___________ in the nasal cavity is provided by the CN _______ or ______ nerve. | lacrimal; mucous membrane; VII; facial |
| The five primary tastes of gustation are: | 1. Sweet 2. Sour 3. Bitter 4. Salty 5. Umami |
| The taste buds are located on the _________, _________, ___________ & ___________ | Tongue; soft palate; pharynx; larynx |
| Each taste bud consists of about ___ gustatory receptor cells | 50 |
| _______ cells located near the CT base _______ and differentiate, first becoming _____ cells, then ______ _______ cells inside the taste buds. | Basal; multiply; supporting; gustatory receptor |
| Each gustatory receptor cell has a single, long ______, called a ___________ hair, which projects through the ________. | microvillus; gustatory; taste pre |
| Each gustatory receptor cell has a lifespan of about _____________ | 10 days |
| 4 different types of papillae: | 1. Vallate papillae 2. Fungiform papillae 3. Foliate papillae 4. Filiform papillae |
| Vallate papillae: amt, size, formation, found where, # taste buds each? | 12; Very large; form a row; back of the tongue; 100-300 |
| Fungiform papillae: shape, found where, # taste buds each | Mushroom; all over scattered; 5 |
| Foliate papillae: found where? Last how long? | Small trenches on the lateral margins of the tongue; most degenerate in early childhood |
| Filiform papillae: Contain ___ but not _____. Fnx? | tactile receptors; no taste buds Incr friction btw tongue and food (easier to manipulate food) |
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