science 7th chapter 8 plants
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Created by:
madman1776 on January 29, 2012
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 photosynthesis | a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into the food-energy molecule glucose and give off oxygen |
| cellular respiration | is a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP |
| stimulus | any changes in an organism's environment that cause a response |
| tropism | a response that results in plant growth toward or away from a stimulus |
| photoperiodism | a plant's response to the number of hours of darkness in its environment |
| plant hormone | substances that act as chemical messengers within plants |
| alternation of generations | occurs when the life cycle of an organism alternates between diploid and haploid generations |
| spore | the daughter cells produced from haploid structures |
| pollen grain | forms from tissue in a male reproductive structure of a seed plant |
| pollination | occurs when pollen grains land on a female reproductive structure of a plant that is the same species as the pollen grains |
| ovule | the female reproductive structure of a seed plant where the haploid egg develops |
| embryo | an immature diploid plant that develops from the zygote |
| seed | an embryo, its food supply, and its protective coating |
| stamen | the male reproductive organ of a flower |
| pistil | the female reproductive organ of a flower |
| ovary | located at the base of the style it contains one or more ovules |
| fruit | the ovary and sometimes other parts of the flower will debelop into this and it contains one or more seeds |
| energy | usable power |
| haploid | a cell that has only 1 chromosome from each pair |
| diploid | a cell that has pairs of chromosomes |
| generation | haploid and diploid stages in the life cycle of a plant |
| mitosis | the process during which s nucleus and its contents divide |
| how do materials move through plants? | the vascular tissue in most plants, xylem and phloem, move materials throughout plants |
| how do plants perform photosynthesis? | plants convert light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into the food-energy molecule glucose through a series of chemical reactions. this process gives off oxygen |
| what is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? | photosynthesis and cellular respiration can be considered opposite processes of each other |
| how do plants respond to environmental stimuli | tropism and photoperiodism 1-tropisms are growth responses toward or away from stimuli such as light, touch, and gravity and 2- photoperiodism is a plant's response to hours of darkness in its environment |
| how do plants respond to chemical stimuli | plant hormones like: auxins, ethylene, gibberellins, and cytokinins; different hormones have different effects on plants |
| how do seedless plants reproduce? | seedless plants like FERNS reproduce when a haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg forming a diploid zygote |
| how do seed plants reproduce? | seed plants reproduce when pollen grains, which contain haploid sperm land, on the tip of the female reproductie organ. at the base of this organ is the ovary which usually contains one or more ovules. each ovule eventually will contain a haploid egg. if the sperm fertilizes the egg, an embryo will form within the seed |
| where do mosses and ferns grow | in moist environments--sperm must swim through a film of water to reach and egg |
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