ela metalanguage 2: phonology and phonetics
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 phonetics | the study and classification of speech sounds |
| phonology | the study of the sound systems of a language |
| IPA (stands for) | International Phonetic Alphabet |
| IPA (def) | a system of identifying individual phonemes by assigning each one a unique symbol |
| phoneme | the smallest unit of sound in language |
| voicing | sounds produced with the vibration of the vocal cords |
| articulation | the physical production of particular speech sounds |
| manner of articulation (def) | describes how the tongue, lips, jaw, and other speech organs are involved in making a sound. |
| manner of articulation (types) | plosives, fricatives, affricatives, approximants |
| place of articulation (def) | the physical location where the airflow is obstructed as a consonant is produced ie, dental, labial, alveolar, nasal) |
| connected speech | A term which refers to the way that speech sounds are produced as part of a continuous sequence, rather than in isolation. |
| assimilation | the process by which a speech sound becomes similar or identical to a neighboring sound |
| elision | the omission of a sound in speech |
| insertion | the adding of a sound in speech |
| vowel reduction | The vowel becomes more like the schwa when spoken in connected speech. |
| prosodic features (list) | pitch, stress, volume, tempo, intonation |
| pitch | a measure of how high or low a sound is perceived to be, depending on the frequency of the sound wave |
| stress | the relative emphasis that may be given to certain syllables in a word, or to certain words in a phrase or sentence |
| volume | The loudness or softness of sounds |
| tempo | rate of speed |
| intonation | patterns of pitch that contribute to the meanings of words, phrases and sentences |
| consonant | a sound produced by partial or total obstruction of airflow |
| vowel | a sound produced with no obstruction to the airflow |
| diphthong | 2 vowel sounds merge into one (like /ai/ in buy) |
| vocal effects | examples: cough, laughter, breath |
| alliteration | the repetition of initial sounds in successive or neighboring words |
| assonance | Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity |
| consonance | The repetition of similar consonant sounds in a group of words |
| onomatopoeia | the use of a word whose sound imitates or suggests its meaning |
| rhythm | a regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables |
| rhyme | the arrangement of word endings that agree in vowel and consonant sounds |
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