MT-100 - AP1 - CH 7 Review: Muscular System
About this set
Created by:
valpopov on January 29, 2012
Subjects:
Massage therapy, anatomy and physiology, muscular system
Description:
Basic terminology of the muscular system
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The point of contact between the nerve and the muscle fibers it stimulates is called a: | Neuromuscular junction |
| A single motor neuron with all the muscle cells it innervates is called a: | Motor unit |
| What is a single nerve fiber that carries an impulse (action potential) to muscle fibers called? | Motor neuron |
| What is a chemical messenger that jumps the synaptic cleft called? | Neurotransmitter |
| The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract is called: | a threshold stimulus. |
| When a muscle fiber is stimulated it will contract to its fullest ability. This is called: | the all-or-none law. |
| Which are the three types of muscle fibers? | Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth |
| Name three overall effects of tonic contracture. | Counteract the pull of gravity Provides stability Maintains posture and upright position |
| During tonic contracture, the muscle is said to undo go what type of contraction? | Partial contraction |
| What is fatigue defined as in muscle physiology? | Oxygen debt |
| What else do we call skeletal muscle? | Striated and voluntary |
| What else do we call smooth muscle? | Visceral and involuntary |
| What else do we call cardiac muscle? | Striated and involuntary |
| What special feature does cardiac muscle fiber have? | Intercalated discs |
| Tendons attach muscle to: | bone. |
| Ligaments attach bone to: | bone. |
| What is the name of the fascia that surrounds a functional muscle group? | Deep fascia |
| What fascia surrounds a whole muscle? | Epimysium |
| What fascia surrounds a muscle fiber fascicle? | Perimysium |
| If the prime mover flexes a joint, then the antagonist: | will relax. And also partially help control the movement. |
| The muscle attachment to the more stationary bone is called the: | origin. |
| What are the fluid-filled sacs that act as lubricating structures for reducing friction during muscle movement called? | Bursae |
| Actin and myosin are proteins that form chains called: | Myofilaments |
| The thin myofilaments inside the sarcomeres of skeletal muscle cells are called: | actin. |
| The thick myofilaments inside the sarcomeres of skeletal muscle cells are called: | myosin. |
| What is the basic contractile unit of skeletal muscles called? | Sarcomere |
| Generally speaking, what happens to the Z-lines when muscle contraction occurs? | They are pulled closer together. |
| According to the sliding filament model, in order for a sarcomere to contract, what three things need to happen? | Calcium must be released from the endoplasmic reticulum ATP must be broken down to release energy Bridges must form between the actin and myosin myofilaments |
| What related muscles have to all undergo some type of contraction in order to produce smooth movement? | Prime mover, synergist, stabilizers (fixators), and antagonists |
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