Unit 2 Study Guide- Reformation and New European Kingdoms
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gatorlax39 on January 30, 2012
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Reformation and New European Kingdoms
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57 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 constitutional monarchy | A King or Queen is the official head of state but power is limited by a constitution. |
| King james Version | Translation of the Bible into English in 1611. First standard English version of the Bible. |
| indulgence | the remission by the pope of the temporal punishment in purgatory that is still due for sins even after absolution |
| annulment | (law) a formal termination (of a relationship or a judicial proceeding etc) |
| "Institutes of the Christian Religion" | ... |
| Book of Romans | ..., Luther thought it was the most important book in the bible it said "The just shall live by faith" |
| "justification by faith" | ..., Martin Luther's concept that faith alone is enough to bring salvation |
| "Sun King" | king of France from 1643 to 1715 |
| "A Mighty Fortress is Our God" | A hymn written by Martin Luther when he was in hiding |
| predestination | the belief that what happens in human life has already been determined by some higher power |
| cavalier | supported king were fighting round heads |
| Theses | there were 95 statements written by Martin Luther against Church practices: selling indulgences: statements of belief |
| Separatist | Protestants who, during the 1600's, wanted to leave the Anglican Church in order to found their own churches |
| Puritan | This was one of the reforms in England in which the leaders wanted all Catholic elements in the Church of England eliminated |
| Edict of Nantes | 1598 - Granted the Huguenots liberty of conscience and worship. |
| Roundhead | supported parlaiment a supporter of Parliament and Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War |
| Protestant | the Protestant churches and denominations collectively |
| Huguenot | French Protestants who endured severe persecution in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. calvinists |
| Lord Protector | after Cromwell marched into Parliament and disbanded it, he ruled thereafter as Lord Protector according to a written constitution known as the Instrument of Government. This military dictatorship, however, proved to be no more effective than Charles's rule and been and had become just as harsh and hated |
| Anglican | Relating to the Church of England, run by Queen Elizabeth I. |
| Jesuit | Religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola to counter the inroads of the Protestant Reformation; the Jesuits were active in politics, education, and missionary work. |
| Thirty years War | (1618-48) A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a batlte between France and their rivals the Hapsburg's, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire. |
| Divine Rights of Kings | A theory that assumed that God appointed all monarchs to rule on his behalf. Therefore, any policy, decree, plan, or approach adopted by royalty could not be questioned or disobeyed. |
| Glorious Revolution | the revolution against James II |
| Anne Boleyn | Henry VIII mistress during the time of the English Reformation, she gave birth to Elizabeth, future queen of England. One of the reasons Henry VIII wanted to get his marriage to Catherine annulled is so that he could marry her. |
| Mary Queen of Scots | queen of Scotland from 1542 to 1567 |
| Mary I | daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon who was Queen of England from 1553 to 1558 |
| Elizabeth I | Queen of England from 1558 to 1603 |
| Catherine of Aragon | was Queen consort of England as the first wife of King Henry VIII of England and Princess of Wales as the wife to Arthur, Prince of Wales. |
| Henry VIII | ..., English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval) |
| John Calvin | ..., Swiss theologian (born in France) whose tenets (predestination and the irresistibility of grace and justification by faith) defined Presbyterianism (1509-1564) |
| Philip II | ..., son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223) |
| Ignatius Loyola | ..., Founded the Society of Jesus, resisted the spread of Protestantism, wrote Spiritual Exercises. |
| Hapsburgs | ..., This was the royal dynasty of Austria that ruled over a vast part of Central Europe while battling with the Turks over Hungary |
| Stuarts | the royal family that ruled Scotland from 1371-1603 and ruled England and Scotland from 1603 to 1649 and again from 1660 to 1714 |
| Bourbons | Another powerful family in the south and west of France. In league with the Montmorency-Chatillon, the Bourbons supported the Huguenot protesters to battle the Guises for political reasons. |
| Martin Luther | ..., German theologian who led the Reformation |
| Henry IV of France | ..., This was the king who issued the Edict of Nantes |
| James I | ..., the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1925 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625 |
| Cardinal Richelieu | ..., French prelate and statesman |
| Louis XIV | ..., king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of Versailles (1638-1715) |
| Charles I | ..., king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor |
| Oliver Cromwell | ..., English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658) |
| George II | ..., A king of Britain who knew little of the workings of the British government and relied on Walpole and Pitt the Elder |
| Germany | Where the protestant reformation started with martin Luther, and his 95 theses |
| Louisiana and Canada | French darivitives make up these names |
| Versalles | Capital of France. A palace that Louis XIV built. 15 miles outside of Paris. |
| Hanover | the English royal house that reigned from 1714 to 1901 (from George I to Victoria) |
| Describe 3 major beliefs of Luther that contradicted Church teachings of the time | Walk by faith, Should not sell indulgences, that people should seek to read the bible on their own. |
| Why did Henry VIII make his own church? | Because the pope refused to annul his marriage. |
| List 5 Protestant nations and 5 Catholic nations in 1600 after the Reformation | Germany, Brittian, France, Scotland, switzerland (Protestant) Catholic: Rome, scotland netherlands, hungary, italy; |
| Why did some kings of Europe support the Protestants? | Because the church/pope had done them wrong in some way or fashion, or they believed Martin Luther's 95 theses. |
| What are some major Calvinist beliefs? | Predestination, total depravity, limited atonement, irrisistable grace, Perserverence of the saints |
| What are some long-term results of the Protestant Reformation? | The versions of the bible we have today, and the different churches that we go to. |
| What caused France and French culture to reign supreme in the 1600s? | their monarchs, and the trends they set. |
| What is the difference between an absolute monarchy such as France and a constitutional monarchy such as Great Britain? | Absolute: Total power Constitutional: power restricted by the parlamaint. |
| Describe Britain's current constitution. | It is scattered about, but its contents come to be almost the same as a democratic point of view. |
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