Understanding the Times: The Collision of Today's Competing Worldviews - Final Exam Review
About this set
Created by:
aliciafeliz on May 18, 2009
Subjects:
philosophy, sociology, psychology, theology, ethics, law, biology
Description:
Understanding the Times: The Collision of Today's Competing Worldviews
David A. Noebel
Summit Press
ISBN: 0-936163-00-3
Classes:
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42 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 apologetics | field of theology, which seeks to provide a reasoned defense of the Christian faith |
| atheism | Secular Humanism theology |
| atheism | Marxist-Leninist theology |
| atheism | Postmodern theology |
| special revelation | God's more specific communication—through the Bible and Jesus Christ—about salvation and his nature |
| unitarianism | belief that the Father is God, the Son is merely a creature and the Holy Spirit is an impersonal force |
| modalism | belief that there is only one person in the godhead who appears as three persons: the Father in the Old Testament, the Son in the New Testament and the Holy Spirit today |
| tri-theism | belief in three separate gods: Father, Son and Spirit |
| naturalism | philosophical belief that reality is composed solely of matter and that all phenomena can be explained in terms of natural causes |
| diaclectical process | in everything there is a thesis (the way things are) and an antithesis (an opposition the way things are), which must inevitably clash. The result of the struggle and merging that comes from the clash is the synthesis, which becomes the new thesis. This new thesis will eventually attract another antithesis and produce a new synthesis. |
| supernaturalism | belief that reality is more than nature; that a transcendent agent intervenes in the course of natural law |
| equivocation | different definitions for the same word ("If men are created equal, then why am I so short?") |
| appeal to pity | persuasion by invoking the listener to feel sorry for the speaker (poor women not receiving adequate care during pregnancy as an argument for an abortion) |
| ad hominem | instead of dealing with the subject of the argument, the listener attacks the person ("You can't trust anything he says. He is a liberal pagan atheist!") |
| appeal to ignorance | argue something is true because it hasn't been proven false; argue something is false because it hasn't been proven true ("You can't prove God exists, therefore God does not exist.") |
| red herring | introduction of an irrelevant side issue which ultimately distracts and confuses the case being presented ("Of course she's a good doctor. She drives a great car and is really funny.") |
| hasty generalization | committed when a person gathers too little information to support the conclusion (one or two taxi drivers are rude, therefore all taxi drivers must rude and obnoxious) |
| sweeping generalization | committed when one takes a general rule and applies it absolutely to all instances ("I haven't met a single moral atheist, therefore atheists are not moral.") |
| begging the question | one simply assumes what he or she is trying to prove ("I should have two bars of gold because I'm the leader." "Why are you the leader?" "Because I have two bars of gold.") |
| faulty dilemma | a person states there are only a certain number of options to choose between although there are several more options ("Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents?" "Neither this man nor his parents sinned, but this happened so the work of God might be displayed in his life.") |
| complex question | loaded question that is simply not fair to ask because the answer goes beyond a simple yes or no, or is not logical ("Have you stopped beating your wife yet?") |
| false analogy | comparison of two objects are actually relevantly dissimilar or if the points of comparison are used to draw a conclusion that does not follow ("Christians claim to have miracles to support their religion, but so do other religions like Mormonism. Thus, there is no reason to believe Christianity is true.") |
| false cause | a person believes that just because one thing followed another, there must be a casual connection (sicknesses going away when human sacrifices were made to tribal gods) |
| straw man | a person misrepresents another's view so as to easily discredit it ("The New Testament teaches that, as Christians, we are not under the law, therefore you teach that we can sin all we want after we're saved.") |
| appeal to majority | appeal to a group of people to prove something true or false (many people believed the earth to be flat, but this did not make it any less false) |
| appeal to tradition | appeal to what is old or new in attempt to establish the truth ("We have always done it this way. It must be right." |
| begging the question | "Of course, I'm going to win. I'm a winner." |
| false cause | "Ever since they took prayer of the schools, there have been nothing but problems." |
| ad hominem | "You can't understand my view on abortion. You're a man." |
| bioethics | right conduct in the area of biotechnology |
| creationism | Christian biology |
| creationism | Islamic biology |
| Neo-Darwinian evolution | Secular Humanist biology |
| punctuated equilibrium | Marxist-Leninist biology |
| punctuated equilibrium | Postmodern biology |
| cosmic evolution | Cosmic Humanist biology |
| punctuated equilibrium | theory of evolution that proposes that evolutionary changes occur over a relatively quick period of time, followed by periods of little to no evolutionary change |
| microevolution | evolution at or below a species level |
| icons of evolution | Haeckel's drawings, Galapagos finches, four-winged fruit flies, antibiotic, resistance homology, Cambrian explosion |
| family, church and state | three institutions established by God |
| non-traditional family | Secular Humanist family sociology |
| non-traditional family | Cosmic Humanism family sociology |
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