Chemistry Chapter 19
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 properties of an acid | a substance that tastes tart or sour, will change the color of an acid-base indicator, and can be strong or weak electrolytes in an aqueous solution. |
| properties of a base | a substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, will change the color of an acid-base indicator, and can be a strong or weak electrolyte |
| monoprotic acid | an acid that contains one ionizable hydrogen |
| diprotic acid | an acid that contains two ionizable hydrogens |
| triprotic acid | an acid that contains three ionizable hydrogens |
| how to produce a basic solution | react group 1A alkali metals with water |
| conjugate acid | the particle formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion |
| conjugate base | the particle that remains when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion |
| hydronium ion | a water molecule that gains a hydrogen ion (H3O+) |
| self-ionization | the reaction in which water molecules produce ions (H+ and OH-) |
| neutral solution | any aqueous solution in which [H+] and [OH-] are equal |
| the product of [H+] and [OH-] (ion-product constant for water Kw) | 1 x 10^-14 |
| pH | -log[H+] |
| pH of pure water or a neutral solution | 7.0 |
| pOH | 14 - pH or -log[OH-]` |
| indicator | an acid or a base that undergoes dissociation in a known pH range and form different colors. |
| strong acid | an acid that completely ionizes in an aqueous solution (HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4) |
| weak acid | an acid that ionizes only slightly in an aqueous solution |
| neutralization reaction | a reaction in which an acid and base react in an aqueous solution to produce water and a salt |
| salt | a compound consisting of an anion from an acid and a cation from a base |
| equivalence point | when the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide ions |
| titration | the process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution |
| standard solution | the solution of known concentration in titration |
| end point | the point at which the indicator changes color in titration. also called the point of neutralization. |
| amphoteric | something that can act as both an acid or base in a reaction, such as water. |
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