| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Organelles | __________- smaller structures inside a cell |
| Diffusion | __________- when molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| Osmosis | __________- the Diffusion of water molecules |
| DNA | Abbreviation for "Deoxyribonucleic Acid" |
| Photosynthesis | __________- the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food |
| Endocytosis | __________- when large molecules are engulfed by the cell membrane folding in on itself |
| Exocytosis | __________- when large molecules of waster are released by the cell membrane opening |
| Stimulus | __________- a change in the environment that causes an organism to react |
| Response | __________- an action or change in behavior caused by a stimulus |
| Heredity | __________- the passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring |
| Allele | __________- a form of a gene that controls the traits from the parents |
| Genotype | __________- the letters you put in the Punnett Square describing the alleles in the gene |
| Phenotype | __________- the physical trait that shows up from the allele combination |
| Incomplete | __________ Dominance- the production of a phenotype that is intermediate to the two homozygous parents (Incomplete or Co) |
| Co | __________ Dominance- two phenotypes expressed at the same time (Incomplete or Co) |
| Diploid | __________- a cell that has 2 of every kind of Chromosome (Diploid or Haploid) |
| Haploid | __________- a cell that has only 1 of every kind of Chromosome (Diploid or Haploid) |
| Zygote | __________- the new cell that was formed during fertilization |
| Dominant | __________ Allele- an allele whose trait always shows when it is present (Dominant or Recessive) |
| Recessive | __________ Allele- an allele whose trait is only shown when a(nother) Dominant allele is not present (Dominant or Recessive) |
| Carrier | __________- a person that has one Dominant allele and one Recessive allele for a trait. CAN ONLY BE A GIRL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
| Genome | __________- all the Chromosomes in a person's body |
| Species | __________- a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring |
| Evolution | __________- the gradual change in a species over time |
| Adaptation | __________- the act of producing a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce |
| Variation | __________- any difference between two individuals of the same species |
| Homologous | __________ Structures- similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor (Homologous or Vestigial) |
| Vestigial | __________ Structures- body parts that are reduced in size and do not have a function (Homologous or Vestigial) |
| Pedigree | __________- a chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait |
| Gradualism | __________- a slow change of one species |
| Punctuated Equilibrium | __________ ___________- the rapid evolution brought just because some mutation in just a few genes |
| Flagellum | __________- a whip-like tail on bacteria |
| Saprophyte | __________- any organism that uses dead material as a food and energy source |
| Pseudopod | __________- an extension of the cytoplasm in certain cells that helps with feeding |
| Spore | __________- reproductive cells that form new organisms without fertilization |
| Sporangia | __________- a structure on fungi that stores and produces spores |
| Hyphae | __________- branching thread-like tubes inside of a fungus |
| Cilia | __________- short, thread-like structures that extend from the cell membrane |
| Ascus | __________- sac-like structures that produce spores in fungi |
| Rhizoid | __________- a root-like filament that anchors the moss and is made up of a few long cells |
| Rhizome | __________- an underground stem of a fern |
| Frond | __________- a fern leaf |
| Prothallus | __________- a green, heart-shaped gametophyte plant (part of a fern) |
| Xylem | __________- tissue made of vessels that transport WATER and MINERALS up from the roots to the rest of the plant |
| Phloem | __________- tissue made of tubular cells that move FOOD from the leaves to other parts of the plant for storage |
| Cambium | __________- a layer between the Phloem and the Xylem which produces new Phloem/Xylem cells |
| Sessile | __________- describing organisms that live attached to one place |
| Regeneration | __________- the act of growing back missing parts of one's body |
| Collar | __________ Cells of a Sponge- catch food from the flowing water (Collar, Spike, or Jelly) |
| Hermaphrodite | __________- an organism that has both male and female parts |
| Setae | __________- little bristles on the sides of worms that help it move through the dirt |
| Mantle | __________- the thin layer of tissue that produces a shell on mollusks |
| Radula | __________- a flexible ribbon of tiny teeth that scrapes things like sandpaper. It helps some mollusks to eat. |
| Spiracle | __________- a hole on the side of insects and arachnids that allow Oxygen and CO2 to pass in and out of the orgnanism |
| Appendage | __________- a structure that protrudes from an organism (legs, arms, etc) |
| Notochord | __________- a flexible, rod-like structure on the dorsal side of a Chordate |
| Hibernation | __________- a period of inactivity and lower metabolic needs in the WINTER. |
| Estivation | __________- a period of inactivity and lower metabolic needs in the SUMMER. |
| Clutch | __________- a bunch of eggs laid at once by a bird |
| Contour | __________ Feather- strong, long, lightweight, sleek, and colorful feathers on a bird |
| Down | __________ Feather- soft and fluffy insulating layer for a bird |
| Herbivore | __________- an organism that eats only plants (not heterotroph or autotroph) |
| Carnivore | __________- an organism that eats only other organisms (not heterotroph or autotroph) |
| Omnivore | __________- an organism that can eat both plants and other organisms (not heterotroph or autotroph) |
| Monotreme | __________- mammals that lay eggs with tough, leathery shells EX: platypus, echidna |
| Marsupial | __________- pouched mammals that give birth to tiny, immature offspring EX: kangaroo, possum |
| Placental | __________ Mammals- mammals that have the embryos develop inside the uterus for the gestation period EX: humans |
| Sperm | __________- the male reproductive cell |
| Egg | __________- the female reproductive cell |
| Homeostasis | __________- the ability to keep a constant balance inside an organism's body |
| Endospore | __________- a structure that some bacteria create around them that protects them from heating and freezing for a long time |
| Respiration | __________- the process in which cells convert sugars into energy (opposite formula of photosynthesis) |
| Gill | __________- an organ in all fish that enables them to breathe under water |
| Incubate | __________- the act of hatching an egg |
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i was too harsh!!